he turnover number is defined as the maximum number of substrate molecules that can be converted into product molecules per unit time by an enzyme molecule. The concentration of enzyme active sites is not necessarily equal to the concentration of enzyme molecules, because some enzyme molecules have more than one active site. If the enzyme molecule has one active site, the turnover number is given by turnover number=?max[E]t=?2(?max is often written as ?max)turnover number=Rmax[E]t=k2(Rmax is often written as Vmax) If the enzyme molecule has more than one active site, then [E]t[E]t is multiplied by the number of active sites to determine its effective concentration. Determine the value of the turnover number of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, given that ?maxRmax for carbonic anhydrase equals 249 μmol⋅L−1⋅s−1249 μmol⋅L−1⋅s−1 and [E]t=2.16 nmol⋅L−1[E]t=2.16 nmol⋅L−1 . Carbonic anhydrase has a single active site. turnover number =
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
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The turnover number is defined as the maximum number of substrate molecules that can be converted into product molecules per unit time by an enzyme molecule. The concentration of enzyme active sites is not necessarily equal to the concentration of enzyme molecules, because some enzyme molecules have more than one active site. If the enzyme molecule has one active site, the turnover number is given by
If the enzyme molecule has more than one active site, then [E]t[E]t is multiplied by the number of active sites to determine its effective concentration.
Determine the value of the turnover number of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, given that ?maxRmax for carbonic anhydrase equals 249 μmol⋅L−1⋅s−1249 μmol⋅L−1⋅s−1 and [E]t=2.16 nmol⋅L−1[E]t=2.16 nmol⋅L−1 . Carbonic anhydrase has a single active site.
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