Here is a flowchart for the separation of a mixture of a primary aliphatic amine (RNH, pK, 10.8), a carboxylic acid (RCOOH, pK, 5), and a phenol (AROH, pk, 10). Assume that each is insoluble in water but soluble in diethyl ether. The mixture is separated into fractions A, B, and C. Which fraction contains the amine, which contains the carboxylic acid, and which contains the phenol? A mixture of three compounds RNH, Amine Carboxylic acid Phenol RCOOH AFOH Disolve in diethyl ether Mix with HCI, H,0 Ether layer Aqueous layer Add NalICO, H,0 Add diechyl echer, NaOH, Ho Aqueous layer Aqueous layer Ether layer Ether layer Add diethyl ether, HCI, H,O Evaporate ether Evaporate ether B Auueous layer Echer layer Evaporate ether
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
In what way(s) might the results of the separation and purification procedure
outlined be different if the following conditions exist?
Q. Aqueous NaOH is used in place of aqueous NaHCO3.
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