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HE + Ro 2} = }å Rm Rm: R₁ R RR R。 www Ro R₂ Ro Ro Ro Ro R₁ www www Rm> Rm Rm Rm Rm> Rm Rm www www www R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ battery moves outside Rm> R₂ Ro mwin Rm≥ Rm> Rm R₁ R₁ Ro www W www R₁ R₁ inside Figure 1.4 Extracellular Recording. The voltmeter electrodes are now both outside the cell. The battery, representing a change in membrane potential, moves along the model memb

HE + Ro 2} = }å Rm Rm: R₁ R RR R。 www Ro R₂ Ro Ro Ro Ro R₁ www www Rm> Rm Rm Rm Rm> Rm Rm www www www R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ R₁ battery moves outside Rm> R₂ Ro mwin Rm≥ Rm> Rm R₁ R₁ Ro www W www R₁ R₁ inside Figure 1.4 Extracellular Recording. The voltmeter electrodes are now both outside the cell. The battery, representing a change in membrane potential, moves along the model memb

Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
Introductory Circuit Analysis (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN:9780133923605
Author:Robert L. Boylestad
Publisher:Robert L. Boylestad
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P: Visit your local library (at school or home) and describe the extent to which it provides literature...
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Crawdad manual membrane properties (Model Membrane Question 4) What happened to the extracellular recording when the battery was between the voltmeter electrodes? Why?
**Extracellular Recording Diagram** Figure 1.4 provides a schematic representation of an extracellular recording setup. The diagram illustrates a model of a cell membrane with various electrical resistances and a voltmeter, used to measure changes in membrane potential. **Elements and Explanation:** - **Resistors (Ro, Rm, Ri):** - Ro represents the resistance outside the cell. - Rm refers to the membrane resistance. - Ri denotes the internal resistance of the cell. - These resistors are arranged to model the ion flow across the cell membrane and within the cell. - **Battery:** - Positioned on the left of the diagram, the battery symbolizes changes in membrane potential. Its movement along the model membrane is indicated by the red arrows and the label "battery moves." - **Voltmeter:** - Shown at the top with a black face and a needle, the voltmeter is connected via two electrodes placed outside the cell. - The voltmeter circuit includes the external resistor network Ro, which tracks the potential difference across the cell's exterior. - **Pathway:** - The red and black lines depict the measurement path and connectivity within the circuit. - Arrows indicate the directional flow of the potential change. - **Labels:** - "Outside" and "inside" labels denote the extracellular and intracellular environments, respectively. This setup is instrumental in understanding how electrical signals are recorded extracellularly, with localized changes in potential measured as the battery symbolically moves along the membrane, affecting the circuit balance.
Transcribed Image Text:**Extracellular Recording Diagram** Figure 1.4 provides a schematic representation of an extracellular recording setup. The diagram illustrates a model of a cell membrane with various electrical resistances and a voltmeter, used to measure changes in membrane potential. **Elements and Explanation:** - **Resistors (Ro, Rm, Ri):** - Ro represents the resistance outside the cell. - Rm refers to the membrane resistance. - Ri denotes the internal resistance of the cell. - These resistors are arranged to model the ion flow across the cell membrane and within the cell. - **Battery:** - Positioned on the left of the diagram, the battery symbolizes changes in membrane potential. Its movement along the model membrane is indicated by the red arrows and the label "battery moves." - **Voltmeter:** - Shown at the top with a black face and a needle, the voltmeter is connected via two electrodes placed outside the cell. - The voltmeter circuit includes the external resistor network Ro, which tracks the potential difference across the cell's exterior. - **Pathway:** - The red and black lines depict the measurement path and connectivity within the circuit. - Arrows indicate the directional flow of the potential change. - **Labels:** - "Outside" and "inside" labels denote the extracellular and intracellular environments, respectively. This setup is instrumental in understanding how electrical signals are recorded extracellularly, with localized changes in potential measured as the battery symbolically moves along the membrane, affecting the circuit balance.
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