Happened? (There are at least expla 2. Drugs with names that end in "-mab" consist of anti- bodies, and the research that yields these medications typically begins with mice. A mouse is injected with a molecule of interest: a human cytokine, for example, or a receptor implicated in cancer. The resulting antibody- mediated response produces a set of antibodies that recognize different parts of the molecule. B cells are harvested from the mouse's spleen, fused with cancerous B cells, and then cloned-isolated and cultivated sepa- rately. Each of the resulting cell lines produces identical antibodies that bind to one part of the injected molecule. These antibodies are called monoclonal antibodies, and they can be purified and studied for use as drugs. Monoclonal antibodies can be effective drugs, but only in the immediate term. Antibodies produced by one's own immune system can last up to about six months in the bloodstream, but mono- clonals delivered in passive immuniza- tion often last for less than a week. Why the difference? A

Q: QUESTION 15 Blood moves the slowest through: O muscular distributing arteries O venules O large…

A: The circulatory system is a complex network of blood vessels that includes arteries, veins, and…

Q: Bigger size sample would result to better quality spectra compared to smaller sample with small size…

A: Attenuated Total Reflection - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy is a technique to study the…

Q: Question 15 Huntington's Disease is an autosomal dominant disorder that causes progressive loss of…

A: An Autosomal dominant disorders occur when only one defective copy of an autosomal gene is required…

Q: Plasma includes the fluid around the organelles is the liquid portion of the blood has a different…

A: Blood is a form of connective tissue. The cells of the blood are closely packed. The hemoglobin…

Q: Question 5 What is not a deficiency symptom of Thiamin? O Tachycardia O Confusion O Anorexia O Poor…

A: Introduction:-  Thiamine, also known as vitamin B1, is an essential nutrient that plays a key role…

Q: Myosin ATPase activity rotates the myosin head to the strained, cocked position is associated with…

A: Myosin ATPase activity is positively related with muscle contraction. Therefore, the quantity of…

Q: Name and describe the functions of bone.

A: Bone is a living tissue that is rigid and makes up the skeletal system of the body. There are about…

Q: Question 25 ATP inhibits glycolysis O True O False

A: Glycolysis is also known as Embden mayerhof pathway. Glycolysis occur in fed state to break the…

Q: Question 4 (1 point) The rising phase of the action potential is due to the: a. Entry of potassium…

A: The nerve impulses transfer from one neuron to another neuron in the nervous system. This leads to…

Q: Salma Rick Layla Adie Mac A Rh A Rh Rh Rh Rh B B B The blood type for Salma is The blood type for…

A: The blood type for Salma is A positive The blood type for Rick is AB negative  The blood type for…

Q: Question 10 When your grandmother got married at age 24, she was 5 feet, 5 inches tall. Currently,…

A: 10.The correct option for the given question is - Option b) she has one or more intervertebral disks…

Q: The anterior-most part of the brain steam is the

A: The brainstem is very small, accounting for only around 2.6% of the total weight of the brain. It…

Q: Question 1 1. Diaphragms work by 2. disabling sperm 3. blocking sperm 4. preventing implantation 5.…

A: Contraceptive methods are methods that prevent unwanted birth.  These methods include -  1.…

Q: simple arch O tented arch O loop O whorl double loop

A: A loop is a fingerprint pattern in which one or even more ridges enter on either side of the…

Q: Each shallow groove is called a

A: The cerebral cortex has sulci which is little grooves, crevices for the bigger grooves and lumps…

Q: During ventricular fibrillation, heart has a hard time to pump blood. O True O False

A: Ventricular fibrillation is also known as arrhythmia, which is the state of abnormal heart rhythm.…

Q: QUESTION 5  5.1 Outline the disorders associated with the reduction of platelets, and the possible…

A: Thrombocytopenia refers to a condition characterized by a reduced number of platelets in the blood.…

Q: Question 25 A thermometer is used to measure Donald's temperature O True O False

A: Temperature is the degree of measure of hotness or coldness of a substance.

Q: The cerebellum is not part of the brainstem.  True  False

A: Brain is a complex structure which control and coordinates different body function by the cells…

Q: QUESTION 8 The pleural membranes are located_. around the pelvic cavity in the cranial cavity around…

A: The spaces that enclose the internal organs are called body cavities.

Q: The term epicardium (visceral pericardium) refers to O trabeculae carnae O simple squamous…

A: Pericardium is the double layer of the heart between the fibrous layer and the myocardium. Visceral…

Q: Question 13 The was also visible on the underside of the brain. It carries information related to…

A: The visual system comprises the sensory organ (the eye) and parts of the central nervous system (the…

Q: 56. Name the line indicated by tag #56? 57. Name the structure/ line indicated by the tag #57? 58.…

A: Skeletal muscles are composed of elongated, narrow, cylindrical fibres called muscles fibres. These…

Q: What specific kind of tissue is replaced by osteocytes during endochondral ossification? Wharton's…

A: According to guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: The ectodermal layer in the fetus will develop into:

A: Ectoderm is one of three germ layers—groups of cells that coalesce early during the embryonic life…

Q: Question 9 (1 point) The fingers of the hand and the toes of the foot-with the exception of the…

A: The skeletal system is one of the 11 major body organ systems that are concerned with various…

Q: QUESTION 12 The connective tissue that wraps around a muscle or bundle of fascicles is a(n)... OA…

A: The question is asking about the type of connective tissue that surrounds a muscle or a bundle of…

Q: l in the blanks: is a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

A: In particular, symmetry refers to the correspondence of body parts, in size, shape, and relative…

Q: Describe (3) changes that occur at birth in changing from a fetal to an adult circulatory pattern.

A: During pregnancy,the fetal circulatory system is much more complicated than after birth. The fetus…

Q: QUESTION 16 Identify the structure indicated by number 1. 5. 9 10. 18 -2 -17 15 12 13

A: Nervous system is the chief coordinating media of the body of which brain is in the core of such…

Q: QUESTION 9 While assessing the carotid pulse, you would check one at a time. This is done to avoid:…

A: Blood supplies oxygen and nutrients to cells of the body and takes away waste and carbon dioxide…

Q: Schizophrenia may be described as a A) "splitting" apart, or disintegration, of the normally…

A: Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder in which people interpret reality abnormally.

Q: Lub/b sound is produced by the closure of the valves.

A: Heart valves are very important part of heart and plays a vital role in circulation of blood. The…

Q: Question 30 Scoliosis is a relatively common type of abnormal spinal curvature. The majority of…

A: a right thoracic curve.  Scoliosis is a type of abnormal spinal curvature that is relatively common.…

Q: Cationic exchange chromatography - used for positively charged proteins True False

A: Ion exchange chromatography is used for the separation and purification of charged biomolecule such…

Q: w absolute indications exist for the performance of caesarean births. Question 64 options:

A: A. true  Absolute indications include : Central placenta previa

Q: Question 22 Elodea lives in aquatic environment. It does not have a contractile vacuole. How come…

A: The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane (plasma membrane) from lower concentration…

Q: Carbaminohemoglobin is the name of describing bound to hemoglobin. охудen carbon dioxide carbonic…

A: Blood is a liquid substance which flows in the blood vessels and carry nutrients and oxygen to the…

Q: Cardiac output is a measure of heart rate and O tachycardia O stroke volume O bradycardia O…

A: The correct Option for the answer is Option B stroke volume.  Cardiac output is measured by…

Q: The hormone that function in decreasing plasma calcium level is O Thyroid hormones O Parathyroid…

A: Endocrine glands are the part of endocrine system. These glands maintain the homeostasis in the…

Q: Question 34 A nerve impulse consists of a series of action potentials along the length of a…

A: The neurons have the capability to generate and transmit nerve impulses. The generation and…

Q: Prions are infectious proteins that appear to cause degenerative brain diseases in animals. True…

A: Prions are proteinaceous  pathogenic agents. They are smaller than virus. They are infectious…

Bacterial Genomics

The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.

Transformation Experiment in Bacteria

In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.

Plasmids and Vectors

The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.