Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
- Build a model of 2,2,5,5-tetramethylhexane.
- Orient the model so that you are looking at the carbon with the arrow pointing to it in Figure 3. Align the bond to the next carbon in the chain so that it is directly behind the first carbon to match a Newman projection view. (See Figure MM.3 in the lab manual)
- Spin the carbons on either side of the bond you're looking down to cycle through all three staggered and all three eclipsed positions of the substituents.
- Draw all six positions as Newman projections on the data sheet and identify the position with the highest energy. Draw the six Newman projections of all of the different energy levels. Label each as staggered or eclipsed and rank in order from lowest energy to highest.
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Are these in order of highest energy to lowest energy? What would be that order?
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