Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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match the following

Transcribed Image Text:**Spectator Ions:**
- Na⁺ and Cl⁻
**Molecular Equation:**
- NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H₂O(l) + NaCl(aq)
**Complete Ionic Equation:**
- H⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) + Na⁺ + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l) + Cl⁻(aq) + Na⁺(aq)
**Net Ionic Equation:**
- H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) → H₂O(l)
**Explanation:**
This diagram illustrates the different representations of a chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
1. **Spectator Ions:** These are ions that remain unchanged on both sides of the reaction and do not participate in the actual chemical change. In this case, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are spectator ions.
2. **Molecular Equation:** Shows all reactants and products in their molecular form as they appear before dissociation into ions.
3. **Complete Ionic Equation:** Lists all strong electrolytes as ions. This equation includes all ions present in the reaction, showing each dissociated in solution.
4. **Net Ionic Equation:** Simplifies the complete ionic equation by removing spectator ions. It only shows the ions and molecules directly involved in forming the products, highlighting the actual chemical change.
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