# Alpha-Halogenation Under Basic Conditions: Reaction Mechanism### ObjectiveDraw the arrows on the structures in the first two boxes to show the mechanism of α-halogenation under basic conditions. All necessary atoms and formal charges are indicated on the structures.### Reaction OverviewThe sequence of reaction steps is illustrated with molecular structures and a reaction arrow indicating the transformation from one structure to the next.### Reaction Diagram1. **Initial Structure (Reactant)** - The first structure shows a molecule with a carbonyl group. The α-carbon (the carbon next to the carbonyl group) is bonded to a hydrogen and a bromine atom. A negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is near the α-carbon.2. **Intermediate Structure** - The intermediate structure shows the compound after the α-hydrogen atom is removed by the base. The remaining molecule has a negatively charged enolate ion.3. **Final Structure (Product)** - The final structure shows the product of the reaction, where the α-carbon is now bonded to two bromine atoms, indicating that the reaction has resulted in α-halogenation.### Notes- **Curved Arrow Notation**: Students are instructed to add curved arrow notation to show the electron flow during the reaction.- This diagram helps in understanding how a base (e.g., OH⁻) removes an α-hydrogen, forming an enolate ion, followed by the addition of a halogen.### Resources- **See Periodic Table** and **See Hint** links are given, likely directing students to a periodic table for reference and hints for solving the mechanism challenges.### ToolsOn the left and right sides of the diagram, various tools are shown, which might be part of an online drawing interface:- Undo/Redo- Pencil for drawing- Plus/Minus for zoom- Atom/Element selection options (H, C, N, O, S, P, Cl, Br)This instructional content guides students through the mechanism of α-halogenation, emphasizing understanding electron movement and structural changes.

Under basic conditions, the base abstracts the most acidic proton to form a nucleophile. This nucleophile then attacks an electrophilic bromine. Write the reaction. Thus a dibromo product is formed.

Answered: H. H. H. :Br: 一。 :Br: :Br: 1 Add curved…

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H. H. H. :Br: 一。 :Br: :Br: 1 Add curved arrow notation to show the reaction between the two compounds. :O:

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

# Alpha-Halogenation Under Basic Conditions: Reaction Mechanism

### Objective
Draw the arrows on the structures in the first two boxes to show the mechanism of α-halogenation under basic conditions. All necessary atoms and formal charges are indicated on the structures.

### Reaction Overview
The sequence of reaction steps is illustrated with molecular structures and a reaction arrow indicating the transformation from one structure to the next.

### Reaction Diagram

1. **Initial Structure (Reactant)**
- The first structure shows a molecule with a carbonyl group. The α-carbon (the carbon next to the carbonyl group) is bonded to a hydrogen and a bromine atom. A negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is near the α-carbon.

2. **Intermediate Structure**
- The intermediate structure shows the compound after the α-hydrogen atom is removed by the base. The remaining molecule has a negatively charged enolate ion.

3. **Final Structure (Product)**
- The final structure shows the product of the reaction, where the α-carbon is now bonded to two bromine atoms, indicating that the reaction has resulted in α-halogenation.

### Notes
- **Curved Arrow Notation**: Students are instructed to add curved arrow notation to show the electron flow during the reaction.
- This diagram helps in understanding how a base (e.g., OH⁻) removes an α-hydrogen, forming an enolate ion, followed by the addition of a halogen.

### Resources
- **See Periodic Table** and **See Hint** links are given, likely directing students to a periodic table for reference and hints for solving the mechanism challenges.

### Tools
On the left and right sides of the diagram, various tools are shown, which might be part of an online drawing interface:
- Undo/Redo
- Pencil for drawing
- Plus/Minus for zoom
- Atom/Element selection options (H, C, N, O, S, P, Cl, Br)

This instructional content guides students through the mechanism of α-halogenation, emphasizing understanding electron movement and structural changes.

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