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H. H. H. :Br: 一。 :Br: :Br: 1 Add curved arrow notation to show the reaction between the two compounds. :O:

H. H. H. :Br: 一。 :Br: :Br: 1 Add curved arrow notation to show the reaction between the two compounds. :O:

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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# Alpha-Halogenation Under Basic Conditions: Reaction Mechanism ### Objective Draw the arrows on the structures in the first two boxes to show the mechanism of α-halogenation under basic conditions. All necessary atoms and formal charges are indicated on the structures. ### Reaction Overview The sequence of reaction steps is illustrated with molecular structures and a reaction arrow indicating the transformation from one structure to the next. ### Reaction Diagram 1. **Initial Structure (Reactant)** - The first structure shows a molecule with a carbonyl group. The α-carbon (the carbon next to the carbonyl group) is bonded to a hydrogen and a bromine atom. A negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is near the α-carbon. 2. **Intermediate Structure** - The intermediate structure shows the compound after the α-hydrogen atom is removed by the base. The remaining molecule has a negatively charged enolate ion. 3. **Final Structure (Product)** - The final structure shows the product of the reaction, where the α-carbon is now bonded to two bromine atoms, indicating that the reaction has resulted in α-halogenation. ### Notes - **Curved Arrow Notation**: Students are instructed to add curved arrow notation to show the electron flow during the reaction. - This diagram helps in understanding how a base (e.g., OH⁻) removes an α-hydrogen, forming an enolate ion, followed by the addition of a halogen. ### Resources - **See Periodic Table** and **See Hint** links are given, likely directing students to a periodic table for reference and hints for solving the mechanism challenges. ### Tools On the left and right sides of the diagram, various tools are shown, which might be part of an online drawing interface: - Undo/Redo - Pencil for drawing - Plus/Minus for zoom - Atom/Element selection options (H, C, N, O, S, P, Cl, Br) This instructional content guides students through the mechanism of α-halogenation, emphasizing understanding electron movement and structural changes.
Transcribed Image Text:# Alpha-Halogenation Under Basic Conditions: Reaction Mechanism ### Objective Draw the arrows on the structures in the first two boxes to show the mechanism of α-halogenation under basic conditions. All necessary atoms and formal charges are indicated on the structures. ### Reaction Overview The sequence of reaction steps is illustrated with molecular structures and a reaction arrow indicating the transformation from one structure to the next. ### Reaction Diagram 1. **Initial Structure (Reactant)** - The first structure shows a molecule with a carbonyl group. The α-carbon (the carbon next to the carbonyl group) is bonded to a hydrogen and a bromine atom. A negatively charged hydroxide ion (OH⁻) is near the α-carbon. 2. **Intermediate Structure** - The intermediate structure shows the compound after the α-hydrogen atom is removed by the base. The remaining molecule has a negatively charged enolate ion. 3. **Final Structure (Product)** - The final structure shows the product of the reaction, where the α-carbon is now bonded to two bromine atoms, indicating that the reaction has resulted in α-halogenation. ### Notes - **Curved Arrow Notation**: Students are instructed to add curved arrow notation to show the electron flow during the reaction. - This diagram helps in understanding how a base (e.g., OH⁻) removes an α-hydrogen, forming an enolate ion, followed by the addition of a halogen. ### Resources - **See Periodic Table** and **See Hint** links are given, likely directing students to a periodic table for reference and hints for solving the mechanism challenges. ### Tools On the left and right sides of the diagram, various tools are shown, which might be part of an online drawing interface: - Undo/Redo - Pencil for drawing - Plus/Minus for zoom - Atom/Element selection options (H, C, N, O, S, P, Cl, Br) This instructional content guides students through the mechanism of α-halogenation, emphasizing understanding electron movement and structural changes.
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