Groundwater ingress from a mine and contaminated water from an industrial plant is pumped into a pollution control dam (PCD) with an area of 125 m2 and a depth of 4 m. The water in the PCD has an outlet which pumps its water into a nearby river. The groundwater is pumped at a rate of 5 m3/d and has a sodium concentration of 18 mg/l. The industrial water is pumped at a rate of 3 m3/d with an average concentration of 175 mg/l of sodium. The river has a background sodium concentration of 3 mg/l and an average flow of 14 m3/d. a.) Considering an evaporation rate of 20 mm/m2/d from the PCD, determine if the river’s sodium concentration downstream of the outlet exceeds the regulatory limit for sodium of 30 mg/l. Note: evaporated water does not contain sodium. b.) Briefly discuss two potential ways to reduce the concentration of sodium at the outlet of the PCD
Groundwater ingress from a mine and contaminated water from an industrial plant is pumped into a pollution
control dam (PCD) with an area of 125 m2 and a depth of 4 m. The water in the PCD has an outlet which pumps its
water into a nearby river. The groundwater is pumped at a rate of 5 m3/d and has a sodium concentration of 18
mg/l. The industrial water is pumped at a rate of 3 m3/d with an average concentration of 175 mg/l of sodium. The
river has a background sodium concentration of 3 mg/l and an average flow of 14 m3/d.
a.) Considering an evaporation rate of 20 mm/m2/d from the PCD, determine if the river’s sodium concentration
downstream of the outlet exceeds the regulatory limit for sodium of 30 mg/l. Note: evaporated water does
not contain sodium.
b.) Briefly discuss two potential ways to reduce the concentration of sodium at the outlet of the PCD.
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