### Problem StatementGiven the values of acoustic impedance for various tissues:- Kidney: \(1.62 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)- Liver: \(1.65 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)- Fat: \(1.38 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)The incident intensity, \(I_i\), is \(50 \, \text{mW}\). The angle between the incident wave and the boundary is \(90^\circ\).#### Tasks(i) Calculate the transmission intensity, \(I_t\), of the ultrasound beam that traveled from the kidney to the liver.(ii) Calculate the transmission intensity, \(I_t\), of the ultrasound beam that traveled from the kidney to fat.(iii) Conclude the findings in parts (i) and (ii).### ExplanationTo solve these tasks, one must apply the acoustic impedance formula and understand how it impacts ultrasound wave transmission through different media. The transmission intensity will depend on the ratio of the acoustic impedances of the tissues at the boundary.

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Given the values of acoustic impedance of kidney, liver and fat are 1.62, 1.65, and 1.38 kgm²s' respectively, and the incident intensity is 50 mW. If the angle between the incident wave and the boundary is 90°, (i) Calculate the transmission intensity, I, of ultrasound beam that travelled from kidney to liver. (ii) Calculate the transmission intensity, I, of ultrasound beam that travelled from kidney to fat. (iii) Conclude the findings in Q2(d)(i) and Q2(d)(ii).

Given the values of acoustic impedance of kidney, liver and fat are 1.62, 1.65, and 1.38 kgm²s' respectively, and the incident intensity is 50 mW. If the angle between the incident wave and the boundary is 90°, (i) Calculate the transmission intensity, I, of ultrasound beam that travelled from kidney to liver. (ii) Calculate the transmission intensity, I, of ultrasound beam that travelled from kidney to fat. (iii) Conclude the findings in Q2(d)(i) and Q2(d)(ii).

College Physics

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305952300

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille

Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...

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Concept explainers

Stretched string

A stretched string is a wire which is made up of any metal that must have a larger length compared to its thickness. The ends of the wire are fixed, and when they oscillate or are plucked, it produces two reflected transverse waves of the same frequency and same amplitude. The waves or pulses are traveling in alternate directions and superimpose with one another. This waveform is named standing or stationary waves.

Question

### Problem Statement

Given the values of acoustic impedance for various tissues:
- Kidney: \(1.62 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)
- Liver: \(1.65 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)
- Fat: \(1.38 \, \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}\)

The incident intensity, \(I_i\), is \(50 \, \text{mW}\). The angle between the incident wave and the boundary is \(90^\circ\).

#### Tasks

(i) Calculate the transmission intensity, \(I_t\), of the ultrasound beam that traveled from the kidney to the liver.

(ii) Calculate the transmission intensity, \(I_t\), of the ultrasound beam that traveled from the kidney to fat.

(iii) Conclude the findings in parts (i) and (ii).

### Explanation

To solve these tasks, one must apply the acoustic impedance formula and understand how it impacts ultrasound wave transmission through different media. The transmission intensity will depend on the ratio of the acoustic impedances of the tissues at the boundary.

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