Given an event A C S, define a random variable X by: { 1 1 if s E A, A. 0 if s X(s) = =

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**Exercise 4.** Given an event \( A \subset S \), define a random variable \( X \) by:

\[
X(s) = 
\begin{cases} 
1 & \text{if } s \in A, \\
0 & \text{if } s \notin A.
\end{cases}
\]

We call \( X \) an indicator variable. \( X(s) \) indicates whether the input \( s \) is in \( A \) or not.

(a) Write down expression for probability mass function \( f(x) \), in terms of \( P(A) \).

(b) Find the expectation \( E(X) \).
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise 4.** Given an event \( A \subset S \), define a random variable \( X \) by: \[ X(s) = \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if } s \in A, \\ 0 & \text{if } s \notin A. \end{cases} \] We call \( X \) an indicator variable. \( X(s) \) indicates whether the input \( s \) is in \( A \) or not. (a) Write down expression for probability mass function \( f(x) \), in terms of \( P(A) \). (b) Find the expectation \( E(X) \).
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It is given that the random variable X is an indicator variable and X(s) indicates whether the input s is in A or not.

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