Given a directed graph as shown in Figure Q4.2, answer the following questions: c. 3 5 2 4 Figure Q4.2: Directed graph i. Conduct a breadth-first search of the graph, starting with node 3. Show the status of the data structure used at each stage. [4 marks] ii. Conduct a depth-first search of the graph, starting with node 4. Show the status of the 1.

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Depth First Search

Depth-first search (DFS) also known as Depth First traversal is an algorithm used to traverse or search the nodes in a tree or graph data structure. Traversal usually means visiting all the nodes of a graph. DFS performs in a depth-ward manner. It uses a stack to remember the vertices it has visited. The search starts from the root node, where any arbitrary node is selected as a root node in a graph, and then each node is explored along each branch before performing backtracking. The DFS algorithm uses a recursive technique by following the idea of backtracking. DFS algorithm does this by performing an in-depth search of all the nodes by traversing in a forward direction. If the required node is not found, it starts backtracking to previously visited nodes.