States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
![**Chemistry Problem: Identify the Missing Organic Reactant**
**Problem Statement:**
Determine the missing organic reactant in the following chemical reaction:
\[ \text{?} + 2\text{Ag(NH}_3\text{)}_2^+ + 3\text{OH}^- \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CO}^- + 2\text{Ag} + 4\text{NH}_3 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \]
**Explanation of the Reaction Components:**
1. **Reactants:**
- **2 Ag(NH₃)₂⁺**: This represents a diammine silver(I) complex.
- **3 OH⁻**: Hydroxide ions.
2. **Products:**
- **CH₃CH₂COO⁻**: This is the propionate ion.
- **2 Ag**: Silver metal.
- **4 NH₃**: Ammonia.
- **2 H₂O**: Water.
**Reaction Description:**
The given reaction depicts a chemical process where diammine silver(I) and hydroxide ions react with an unknown organic reactant to produce a propionate ion, elemental silver, ammonia, and water. The goal is to identify the unknown organic reactant.
**Note:**
To solve this problem, one would typically need knowledge of common organic reactions involving silver complexes (such as the Tollens' test), and the mechanism that typically yields the carboxylate ion (propionate in this case).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F1de2f3d6-8e87-4e49-9048-b5122ea4c8cd%2F13ee287c-8477-4d1b-88a7-f3a942830ce2%2Fp7di8y3_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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