Give A Summary of Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alcohols ?
Number of functional group is associated with organic compounds which impart specific chemical and physical properties to them. The functional group transformation can take place when it is treated with oxidizing and reducing agent. The organic reaction can takes place by addition reaction, elimination reaction or substitution reaction.
The first order nucleophilic substitution reaction takes place when most substituted alkyl alcohol reacts with acid and nucleophile. It involves generation of tertiary carbocation. The carbon atom on which positive charge is present is electron deficient. The incoming nucleophile forms bond at this electron deficient carbon atom.
On the other hand when hydroxyl group is present at less substituted carbon atom the substitution reaction follows SN2 mechanism. The first step involves the protonation of hydroxyl group. In SN1 reaction mechanism stable tertiary carbocation is generated and in the next step attack of nucleophile takes place. However, in SN2 reaction mechanism removal of leaving group and nucleophilic attack takes place in the same step.
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