Generally, polysaccha are not good antigenS, because B cells recognize thei annot get T-cell help. But for some pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae opsonization by antibodies that bind the thick polysaccharide "capsule" layer surrounding the bacteria is the major mechanism of clearing the infection. As expected, a pure polysaccharide vaccine is not terribly effective, but much better immunity is achieved by vaccinating with a polysaccharide covalently linked "conjugated" to an unrelated protein. Explain how this conjugate vaccine allows B cells capable of making anti-polysaccharide antibodies.
Generally, polysaccha are not good antigenS, because B cells recognize thei annot get T-cell help. But for some pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae opsonization by antibodies that bind the thick polysaccharide "capsule" layer surrounding the bacteria is the major mechanism of clearing the infection. As expected, a pure polysaccharide vaccine is not terribly effective, but much better immunity is achieved by vaccinating with a polysaccharide covalently linked "conjugated" to an unrelated protein. Explain how this conjugate vaccine allows B cells capable of making anti-polysaccharide antibodies.
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Transcribed Image Text:Generally, polysaccharides are not good antigens, because B cells that recognize them cannot
get T-cell help. But for some pathogens, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae opsonization by
antibodies that bind the thick polysaccharide "capsule" layer surrounding the bacteria is the
major mechanism of clearing the infection. As expected, a pure polysaccharide vaccine is not
terribly effective, but much better immunity is achieved by vaccinating with a polysaccharide
covalently linked "conjugated" to an unrelated protein. Explain how this conjugate vaccine
allows B cells capable of making anti-polysaccharide antibodies.
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