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From the graph, determine Ti and use Equation 3 to estimate the depth to the top of the second layer.

From the graph, determine Ti and use Equation 3 to estimate the depth to the top of the second layer.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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From the graph, determine Ti and use Equation 3 to estimate the depth to the top of the second
layer.

be refracted to travel along the top of the second layer at velocity V₂. This assumes that V/₂ is greater than Vi; if V, is greater than V2, the energy will refract downward away from the interface, and no refracted wave will appear at the ground surface. At some distance away from the explosion, the refracted wave will begin to arrive before the direct wave. It can be shown by geometric arguments that the travel time for the refracted wave is: √√V² -V² V₁V2 X T-=+2=14 V2 (Equation 2) Here T' is the travel time, x is the distance between the explosion and the geophone, and z is the depth to the top of the second layer. This equation is a straight line with a slope of (1/V2). Using Equation 2 and Figure 2, we can show that the depth, z is: VV₂ ² √(√²-V²) I Z == (Equation 3)
Transcribed Image Text:be refracted to travel along the top of the second layer at velocity V₂. This assumes that V/₂ is greater than Vi; if V, is greater than V2, the energy will refract downward away from the interface, and no refracted wave will appear at the ground surface. At some distance away from the explosion, the refracted wave will begin to arrive before the direct wave. It can be shown by geometric arguments that the travel time for the refracted wave is: √√V² -V² V₁V2 X T-=+2=14 V2 (Equation 2) Here T' is the travel time, x is the distance between the explosion and the geophone, and z is the depth to the top of the second layer. This equation is a straight line with a slope of (1/V2). Using Equation 2 and Figure 2, we can show that the depth, z is: VV₂ ² √(√²-V²) I Z == (Equation 3)
Data Set #1 x (m) 2 4 6 8 y (msec) 5 11 16 23 Slope: (msec/m) 2.95 Data Set #12 x (m) 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 y (msec) 23 25 26 27 27 28 29 31 30 95 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 y= 2.95x-1 5 10 Chart 15 y = 0.4417x + 20,267. 20 25
Transcribed Image Text:Data Set #1 x (m) 2 4 6 8 y (msec) 5 11 16 23 Slope: (msec/m) 2.95 Data Set #12 x (m) 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 y (msec) 23 25 26 27 27 28 29 31 30 95 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 y= 2.95x-1 5 10 Chart 15 y = 0.4417x + 20,267. 20 25
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