Four days after a patient has intestinal tract surgerythey develop an abdominal infection caused by a G-obligate anaerobe. What is the most likely agent ofthe infection?O Clostridium perfringensEscherichia coliPeptostreptococcus sp.O Klebsiella pneumoniaeBacteroides fragilis All of the following are examples of mechanisms ofantibiotic resistance EXCEPTTetracycline resistance by efflux pumps to pumpantibiotic out of the cellSecretion of urease enzyme to produce ammonia(NH3) destroying mucous producing cellsEnzymatic destruction of penicillin familyantibiotics by beta-lactamasesAlteration of tetrapeptide chains by VancoycinResistant Enterococci (VRE)Enzymatic modificaton of aminoglycosides toprevent antibiotic binding to the target molecule

Four days after a patient has intestinal tract surgery they develop an abdominal infection caused by a G obligate anaerobe. What is the most likely agent of the infection? Ans- Bacteroides fragilis. Explanation- Among all the options Bacteroides fragilis is the only obligate gram negative anaerobe. Clostridium is gram positive. E. coli is facultative anaerobe and gram negative. Peptostreptococcus is also gram positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae is gram negative facultative anaerobe. Q)All of the following are examples of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance EXCEPT Ans-Secretion of urease enzyme to produce ammonia (NH3) destroying mucous producing cells Reason- All the other options given are true and they are the mechanism of resistance for various drugs.