Formal Charges. Add formal charge where appropriate. You are not required to show calculations. ( H Н H HCP CH H G=N=N H C=0=0 HH H HO EN H C O C1 Η Η

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**Exercise: Formal Charges**

**Task:** Add formal charges where appropriate. You are not required to show calculations.

**Structures:**

1. Structure 1: 
   - Central element P bonded to two C atoms. 
   - Each C atom is bonded to three H atoms.
   - Each C atom is bonded to P.
   - P is bonded to a single H atom.
   - P has no apparent lone pairs shown.

2. Structure 2:
   - Central carbon (C) double-bonded to an oxygen (O) atom.
   - C is singly bonded to two lone hydrogen (H) atoms.
   - C is also bonded to O through a single bond with an apparent lone pair.

3. Structure 3:
   - Nitrogen (N) triple-bonded to carbon (C).
   - C is bonded to hydrogen (H).

4. Structure 4:
   - Nitrogen (N) bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms.
   - N has a lone pair.

5. Structure 5:
   - Central carbon (C) bonded to one hydrogen (H) atom and one nitrogen (N) atom.
   - N is bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms.

6. Structure 6:
   - Oxygen (O) with a single bond to carbon (C).
   - C is bonded to a hydroxyl group (OH), and additionally to three other H atoms nearby.

**Note:** Assign formal charges where appropriate for each structure. You may need to consider the typical valency of C, N, O, and H, and how that interacts with their electron sharing in the given structures.
Transcribed Image Text:**Exercise: Formal Charges** **Task:** Add formal charges where appropriate. You are not required to show calculations. **Structures:** 1. Structure 1: - Central element P bonded to two C atoms. - Each C atom is bonded to three H atoms. - Each C atom is bonded to P. - P is bonded to a single H atom. - P has no apparent lone pairs shown. 2. Structure 2: - Central carbon (C) double-bonded to an oxygen (O) atom. - C is singly bonded to two lone hydrogen (H) atoms. - C is also bonded to O through a single bond with an apparent lone pair. 3. Structure 3: - Nitrogen (N) triple-bonded to carbon (C). - C is bonded to hydrogen (H). 4. Structure 4: - Nitrogen (N) bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms. - N has a lone pair. 5. Structure 5: - Central carbon (C) bonded to one hydrogen (H) atom and one nitrogen (N) atom. - N is bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms. 6. Structure 6: - Oxygen (O) with a single bond to carbon (C). - C is bonded to a hydroxyl group (OH), and additionally to three other H atoms nearby. **Note:** Assign formal charges where appropriate for each structure. You may need to consider the typical valency of C, N, O, and H, and how that interacts with their electron sharing in the given structures.
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