For which reaction mechanisms—SN1, SN2, E1, or E2—are each of the following statements true? A statement may be true for one or more mechanisms.a. The mechanism involves carbocation intermediates.b. The mechanism has two steps.c. The reaction rate increases with better leaving groups.d. The reaction rate increases when the solvent is changed from CH3OH to (CH3)2SO.e. The reaction rate depends on the concentration of the alkyl halide only.f. The mechanism is concerted.g. The reaction of CH3CH2Br with NaOH occurs by this mechanism.h. Racemization at a stereogenic center occurs.i. Tertiary (3°) alkyl halides react faster than 2° or 1° alkyl halides.j. The reaction follows a second-order rate equation.
Reactions of Alkyl and Aryl halides
In organic chemistry, an alkyl halide is formed when an atom of hydrogen is switched by a halogen in a hydrocarbon or aliphatic compound. An aryl halide is formed when an atom of hydrogen is substituted by a halogen atom in an aromatic compound. Metals react with aryl halides and alkyl halides and they also go through nucleophilic substitution reactions and elimination reactions.
Zaitsev's Rule in Organic Chemistry
Alexander Zaitsev (also pronounced as Saytzeff), in 1875, prepared a rule to help predict the result of elimination reactions which stated, "The favored product in dehydrohalogenation reactions is that alkene that has the majority of alkyl groups attached to the double-bonded carbon atoms."
Tosylate
Tosylates are important functional groups in organic chemistry, mainly because of two important properties which they possess:
Alkyl Halides
A functional group is a collection of several atoms or bonds with certain characteristic chemical properties and reactions associated with it. There is a presence of a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I; it represents any halogen atom), as a functional group in alkyl halides. Therefore, it can be said that alkanes that contain a halogen compound are called alkyl halides.
For which reaction mechanisms—SN1, SN2, E1, or E2—are each of the following statements true? A statement may be true for one or more mechanisms.
a. The mechanism involves carbocation intermediates.
b. The mechanism has two steps.
c. The reaction rate increases with better leaving groups.
d. The reaction rate increases when the solvent is changed from CH3OH to (CH3)2SO.
e. The reaction rate depends on the concentration of the alkyl halide only.
f. The mechanism is concerted.
g. The reaction of CH3CH2Br with NaOH occurs by this mechanism.
h. Racemization at a stereogenic center occurs.
i. Tertiary (3°)
j. The reaction follows a second-order rate equation.
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