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For this experiment depicted in the picture, Interpret the most important absorbances in the IR spectrum of the essential oil eugenol.

For this experiment depicted in the picture, Interpret the most important absorbances in the IR spectrum of the essential oil eugenol.

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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For this experiment depicted in the picture, Interpret the most important absorbances in the IR spectrum of the essential oil eugenol. 

**Experiment: Eugenol (E)** **Title:** Isolation of Eugenol from freshly Ground Cloves (a Spice) **Ref:** Nimitz, J. S. *Experiments in Organic Chemistry*, Exp. 17.1, p 206. **Purpose:** Isolate/purify Eugenol by steam distillation followed by pentane extraction techniques. **Procedure Overview:** - **Ground Cloves (fresh spice)** 1. **Steam Distillation** ➔ 2. **Pentane Extraction** The process involves using steam distillation to extract the compound from ground cloves, and further purification is achieved through pentane extraction. **Chemical Structure:** - The chemical structure of Eugenol shown in the diagram includes a phenolic group (with hydroxyl, HO), a methoxy group (MeO), and an alkene chain attached to a benzene ring. **Reagent Table:** | Reagent | Boiling Point (°C) | Density (g/mL) | |----------|--------------------|----------------| | Pentane | 36°C | 0.62 g/mL | | Eugenol | 254°C (1000 mBar; 1 Atm) | | This table provides the boiling points and density of pentane and eugenol, which are crucial for understanding their physical properties during separation and purification processes.
Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment: Eugenol (E)** **Title:** Isolation of Eugenol from freshly Ground Cloves (a Spice) **Ref:** Nimitz, J. S. *Experiments in Organic Chemistry*, Exp. 17.1, p 206. **Purpose:** Isolate/purify Eugenol by steam distillation followed by pentane extraction techniques. **Procedure Overview:** - **Ground Cloves (fresh spice)** 1. **Steam Distillation** ➔ 2. **Pentane Extraction** The process involves using steam distillation to extract the compound from ground cloves, and further purification is achieved through pentane extraction. **Chemical Structure:** - The chemical structure of Eugenol shown in the diagram includes a phenolic group (with hydroxyl, HO), a methoxy group (MeO), and an alkene chain attached to a benzene ring. **Reagent Table:** | Reagent | Boiling Point (°C) | Density (g/mL) | |----------|--------------------|----------------| | Pentane | 36°C | 0.62 g/mL | | Eugenol | 254°C (1000 mBar; 1 Atm) | | This table provides the boiling points and density of pentane and eugenol, which are crucial for understanding their physical properties during separation and purification processes.
### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This is an infrared (IR) spectroscopy graph that plots % Transmittance against Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹). IR spectroscopy is used to identify and study chemicals by analyzing the vibrations of molecules. #### Graph Details: - **Y-Axis:** Represents % Transmittance. This indicates how much infrared radiation passes through a sample. The higher the transmittance, the lower the absorbance, suggesting fewer bonds absorbing specific wavelengths. - **X-Axis:** Represents Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹), ranging from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Wavenumbers are the inverse of wavelength and are directly proportional to energy. #### Key Absorption Peaks: 1. **3514.34, 3076.07, 3002.91, 2936.27, 2842.59 cm⁻¹:** - These peaks often correspond to O-H or N-H stretching (broad) and C-H stretching (sharp) vibrations. 2. **1763.60 cm⁻¹:** - Likely corresponds to C=O stretching vibrations, typical of carbonyl groups in aldehydes, ketones, or esters. 3. **1637.44, 1605.37 cm⁻¹:** - Could indicate C=C stretching in alkenes or aromatic rings. 4. **1450.76 to 1193.31 cm⁻¹:** - Represents various bending and stretching vibrations, such as C-H bending in alkanes or C-O stretching in alcohols. 5. **992.26 to 645.98 cm⁻¹:** - Typically corresponds to out-of-plane bending or C-H bending vibrations associated with aromatic rings or other structural motifs. This graph helps in identifying functional groups and structural components of the molecules present in the sample, making it a crucial tool for chemical analysis and identification.
Transcribed Image Text:### Infrared Spectroscopy Graph Explanation This is an infrared (IR) spectroscopy graph that plots % Transmittance against Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹). IR spectroscopy is used to identify and study chemicals by analyzing the vibrations of molecules. #### Graph Details: - **Y-Axis:** Represents % Transmittance. This indicates how much infrared radiation passes through a sample. The higher the transmittance, the lower the absorbance, suggesting fewer bonds absorbing specific wavelengths. - **X-Axis:** Represents Wavenumbers (cm⁻¹), ranging from 4000 cm⁻¹ to 500 cm⁻¹. Wavenumbers are the inverse of wavelength and are directly proportional to energy. #### Key Absorption Peaks: 1. **3514.34, 3076.07, 3002.91, 2936.27, 2842.59 cm⁻¹:** - These peaks often correspond to O-H or N-H stretching (broad) and C-H stretching (sharp) vibrations. 2. **1763.60 cm⁻¹:** - Likely corresponds to C=O stretching vibrations, typical of carbonyl groups in aldehydes, ketones, or esters. 3. **1637.44, 1605.37 cm⁻¹:** - Could indicate C=C stretching in alkenes or aromatic rings. 4. **1450.76 to 1193.31 cm⁻¹:** - Represents various bending and stretching vibrations, such as C-H bending in alkanes or C-O stretching in alcohols. 5. **992.26 to 645.98 cm⁻¹:** - Typically corresponds to out-of-plane bending or C-H bending vibrations associated with aromatic rings or other structural motifs. This graph helps in identifying functional groups and structural components of the molecules present in the sample, making it a crucial tool for chemical analysis and identification.
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