For the conditions show below, calculate the safety factor of the clay against bottom blow-up after excavating 2 m of clay based on the ratio of total pressure and pwp pressure. ] Before excavation 21 I GWT V Silty clay Gs = 2.7 w = 30% k = 3 x 10 m/s 2 m 2 m 6 m Gravel Under artesian pressure

For the conditions show below, calculate the safety factor of the clay against bottom blow-up after excavating 2 m of clay based on the ratio of total pressure and pwp pressure. ] Before excavation 21 I GWT V Silty clay Gs = 2.7 w = 30% k = 3 x 10 m/s 2 m 2 m 6 m Gravel Under artesian pressure

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Concept explainers

Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.

Question

For the conditions show below, calculate the safety factor of the clay
against bottom blow-up after excavating 2 m of clay based on the ratio of
total pressure and pwp pressure.
]
Before
excavation
21
2 m
2 m
GWT V
Silty clay
Gs = 2.7 w = 30%
6 m
k= 3 x 10-8.
Gravel
Under artesian pressure
I

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An exploratory drill hole was made in a stiff saturated clay having a moisture content of 29% and G, = 2.68 (Figure 9.27). The sand layer underlying the clay was observed to be under artesian pressure. Water in the drill hole rose to a height of 6 m above the top of the sand layer. a. If an open excavation is to be made in the clay, determine the safe depth of excavation before the bottom heaves. b. How much is the pressure at the interface of the clay and sand? c. If a factor of safety of 2.0 is to be ensured, how deep should be the excavation from the ground surface?
Refer to Figure 2, estimate the primary consolidation settlement in the clay layer. Given: Ag = 85 kN/m²; Hi = 2 m; H2 = 4 m; and H3= 6 m. Soil characteristics are as follows: Sand: ydx 14 kN/m³, Ysat 18 kN/m³ Clay: LL = 54; e = 0.98; Ysat 19 kN/m'; Cs =- Cc 150 kN/m? H3 Sand Clay ョ→
9.7 An exploratory drill hole was made in a stiff saturated clay having a moisture content of 29% and G, = 2.68 (Figure 9.27). The sand layer underlying the clay was observed to be under artesian pressure. Water in the drill hole rose to a height of 6 m above the top of the sand layer. If an open excavation is to be made in the clay, determine the safe depth of excavation before the bottom heaves. Exploratory drill hole 10 m 45 m Saturated clay Sand Figure 9.27
Known: B = 1m, L = 2m, Q = 100kN Estimate the consolidation settlement and How long will it take to reach 90% consolidation?
Refer to Figure below. Estimate the primary consolidation settlement in the clay layer. Given: Δσ = 150 kN/m2; H1 = 3 m; H2 = 4 m; and H3= 5 m. Soil characteristics are as follows: • Sand: γdry = 15 kN/m3, γsat = 19 kN/m3 • Clay: LL = 65; e = 0.65; γsat = 18 kN/m3; ; Cs =1/6cc σʹc = 200 kN/m2
Estimate the total consolidation settlement (primary & secondary) after 2 years and 3 months after the completion of primary consolidation settlement of an over consolidated clay layer under the bridge pier as shown below. The pier's dimensions are (2 m x 3 m). Use Yw= 10 kN/m³ and note that the time for completion the primary consolidation is 3 years. | Qo= 960 kN G.W.L 1m Sand Ya=16.5 kN/m 2 m Ysat = 18 kN/m³ Silty Sand Ya=17.5 kN/m 3 m Ysat = 18.5 kN/m3 Clay Ya=20 kN/m , Ysat = 21 kN/m3 e, = 0.6 , Ae=0.04 , o= 78.3 kN/m2 4 m Cc= 0.4, Cs= 0.1, Ca= 0.02