just answer true or false. No explanation needed. Do answer all question For questions #45 through #54, indicate whether the statements are true (A) or false (B).45. Myocardial efficiency will be improved if stroke volume is decreased and/or heart rate is increasedfor agiven workload.46. When going from moderate levels of exercise (e.g... 30-50% of maximal effort) intensity up tomaximal levelsof exercise intensity, the observed increase in cardiac output is due to an increase in heart rate.47. Because hemoglobin is an allosteric protein, the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin and the unloadingofoxygen from hemoglobin is cooperative (i.e., the binding of oxygen to one heme enhances thebinding ofoxygen to other hemes and vice-versa, the unloading of oxygen from one heme enhances theunloading of oxygen from other hemes) resulting in a 2-fold increase in the availability of oxygen tomuscle tissue;in addition, shifting of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation (Hh-o,) curve to the right does not affectthe amount of oxygen loaded on hemoglobin in the lungs but increases the amount of oxygenreleased from hemoglobin to the muscle tissue and hence, oxygen availability to the muscle tissueis increased.During exercise at sea level, there is usually not enough time for the complete diffusion of oxygenand48.carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood as well as between the blood and the muscletissue.49.The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the blood has minimal affects on cardiorespiratory responsesoroxygen availability to the muscle tissue.1 50.Elevations in altitude above 1,500 meters decrease maximal oxygen uptake rate (VO2max) andconsequently, hinder endurance performance.51. Whereas volume of training refers to the percent of a one-repetition maximum that is lifted instrength training or the percent of maximal heart rate in endurance training, intensity of trainingrefers to the number of repetitions per set times the number of sets completed in strength trainingor the duration or distance in endurance training.T 52. According to the U.S. Centers of Disease Control, American College of Sports Medicine, and theSurgeon General's Report, every American should accumulate 20 minutes of vigorous activity most,if not all days of the week.According to the American College of Sports Medicine's Position Stand on the recommendedquantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness, individualsshould train 3-5 days per week at 60-90% of heart rate maximum for 20-60 minutes per session.53.

The oxygen level at the high altitudes is much lower than the oxygen at sea level so does the…

For questions #45 through #54, indicate whether the statements are true (A) or false (B). 45. Myocardial efficiency will be improved if stroke volume is decreased and/or heart rate is increased For a given workload. 46. When going from moderate levels of exercise (e.., 30-50% of maximal effort) intensity up to maximal levels of exercise intensity, the observed increase in cardiac output is due to an increase in heart rate. 47. Because hemoglobin is an allosteric protein, the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin and the unioading of oxygen from hemoglobin is cooperative (i.e., the binding of oxygen to one heme enhances the binding of oxygen to other hemes and vice-versa, the unloading of oxygen from one heme enhances the unloading of oxygen from other hemes) resulting in a 2-fold increase in the availability of oxygen to muscle tissue; in addition, shifting of the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation (Hp-O2) curve to the right does not affect the amount of oxygen loaded on hemoglobin in the lungs but increases the amount of oxygen released from hemoglobin to the muscle tissue and hence, oxygen availability to the muscle tissue is increased. 48. During exercise at sea level, there is usually not enough time for the complete diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood as well as between the blood and the muscle tissue. 49. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in the blood has minimal affects on cardiorespiratory responses or oxygen availability to the muscle tissue. 50. Elevations in altitude above 1,500 meters decrease maximal oxygen uptake rate (V02max) and consequently, hinder endurance performance. 51. Whereas volume of training refers to the percent of a one-repetition maximum that is lifted in strength training or the percent of maximal heart rate in endurance training, intensity of training refers to the number of repetitions per set times the number of sets completed in strength training or the duration or distance in endurance training. 52. According to the U.S. Centers of Disease Control, American College of Sports Medicine, and the Surgeon General's Report, every American should accumulate 20 minutes of vigorous activity mos if not all days of the week. 53. According to the American College of Sports Medicine's Position Stand on the recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness, individu= should train 3-5 days per week at 60-90% of heart rate maximum for 20-60 minutes per session.