For numbers 1 to 9, identify the type of experimental design. USE SMALL LETTERS ONLY AND SHOULD BE CORRECT IN SPELLING. DO NOT INDICATE THE WORD DESIGN AT THE END OF YOUR ANSWER. NOTE: (answer directly, and no need for explanation) 1. A teacher wants to determine whether reading to children an extra hour a day would increase their reading skill. A teacher offers and extra hour reading session every day. Those students who want to participate can participate. It was found, at the end of the semester, these children who participated this extra hour reading session had better reading skills than those who did not participate. 2. During the semester, students in a class are lectured on particular courses and an exam is administered at the end of the semester. In this case, the students are the subjects or dependent variables while the lectures are the independent variables treated on the subjects. 3. A new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was suspected from an unusual series of deaths of young people in the UK, from an apparent dementia-like illness, a disease normally associated with the elderly
INSTRUCTION: For numbers 1 to 9, identify the type of experimental design. USE SMALL LETTERS ONLY AND SHOULD BE CORRECT IN SPELLING. DO NOT INDICATE THE WORD DESIGN AT THE END OF YOUR ANSWER.
NOTE: (answer directly, and no need for explanation)
1. A teacher wants to determine whether reading to children an extra hour a day would increase their reading skill. A teacher offers and extra hour reading session every day. Those students who want to participate can participate. It was found, at the end of the semester, these children who participated this extra hour reading session had better reading skills than those who did not participate.
2. During the semester, students in a class are lectured on particular courses and an exam is administered at the end of the semester. In this case, the students are the subjects or dependent variables while the lectures are the independent variables treated on the subjects.
3. A new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was suspected from an unusual series of deaths of young people in the UK, from an apparent dementia-like illness, a disease normally associated with the elderly.
4. The research describes the design having two groups (A & B) in patients with shigellosis (dysentery). Patients took both ciprofloxacin (CF) and pivmecillinam (PM) for 2 weeks. During treatments, group A gets CF and the group B gets PM. The frequency of positive results (seeding and identification of the pathogen) was recorded. After a wash-out period to prevent drug effect carry-over, the group A gets PM and group B gets CF for the same period of time. The PEFR were then recorded. The frequency of positive results (seeding and identification of the pathogen) was again recorded.
5. In a study of 34,387 menopausal women intakes of vitamin A, C, and E were assessed in 6 year period. 879 of these women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The investigators examined the effect of vitamin use and level of intake for each vitamin on breast cancer incidence.
6. A group of individuals is selected at random from the general population. At the end of the study, a comparison is made between groups with and without the outcome of diabetes, in terms of their exposure to a suspected risk factor such as diet.
7. A group of individuals is selected at random from the general population. One group were given the new drug, Arabarb and the other group were given the existing drug. Diastolic blood pressure was measured for both groups before and after they get the drugs.
8. You choose two similar groups of children who attend different schools, one of which implements the new program while the other does not. By comparing the children who attend the program with those who do not, you can find out whether it has an impact on grades.
9. A few of the psychotherapists in the clinic have decided to try out the new therapy, while others who treat similar patients have chosen to stick with the normal protocol. Patients were treated with the new therapy versus those receiving the standard course of treatment, although the groups were not randomly assigned.
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