20%SugarSolutionEvaporatorCrystallizerCentrifugeDrierDryCrystalsFigure 3.1 Process flow diagram for a crystallization problem.For example, consider a problem in crystallization. The problem may be simply stated: Determinethe amount of sugar (water-free basis) that can be produced from 100 kg of sugar solution thatcontains 20% by weight of sugar and 1% of a water-soluble uncrystallizable impurity. The solution isconcentrated to 75% sugar, cooled to 20°C, centrifuged, and the crystals dried.The problem statement is indeed adequate to draw a process flow diagram. This is shown inFig. 3.1.

Given Initial weight of sugar solution=100 kgWeight %ge of sugar in the solution=20%Weight %ge of…

Answered: For example, consider a problem in…

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781259696527

Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Publisher:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P

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The following temperature / composition data are obtained for a mixture of octane (O) and toluene (T) at a pressure of 760 Torr. The quantity x is the mole fraction in the liquid and y is the mole fraction in vapor equilibrium. GC 110.9 0.908 Уr 0923 1120 0.795 0.836 114.0 0.615 0.698 115.8 0.527 0.624 1173 0.408 0.527 119.0 120.0 123.0 0.300 0.203 0.097 0.297 0.164 UAIU 201 The boiling point for T is 110.6 ° C and for 0 is 125.6 ° C. Draw a temperature / composition chart for the mixture. What is the composition of vapor in equilibrium with the liquid with the composition (a) x, = 0.250 and (b) x, = 0.250?
Using the data given below, estimate the enthalpy added to 1 kg of water that undergoes the following transformations: (a) from 0 °C to 90 °C at p = 105 Pa; (b) from 95 °C to 105 °C at p = 105 Pa; (hint: combine enthalpy of vaporization and enthalpy change as a result of heating for 10 °C, which can be based on enthalpy change for every 10 °C for liquid water) (c) from 95 °C to 105 °C at p = 1.2 ´105 Pa (similar to 2, but a different pressure condition).
12
For the manufacture of MgSO47H2O crystals from 20,000 lb/h of solution having 0.300 weight fraction MgSO4, a continuous adiabatic vacuum crystallizer will be employed. At 160°F, the solution enters the crystallizer. The crystallizer should be set to produce 6,000 lb/h of MgSO47H2O crystals from a mixture of mother liquor and crystals leaving the crystallizer. In the crystallizer, the solution's anticipated boiling point elevation is 10°F. How many pounds of water each hour are vaporized? *Show the diagram with labels
How many grams of antifreeze would have to be added to 15 kg of water in the trucks cooling system to keep it from freezing during a cold Ohio winter temperatures of -20° C
At a certain temperature and pressure, a 1.00 mol sample of argon gas is pumped into a 22.4 L rigid box that already contains 1.00 mol of nitrogen gas. We would expect the argon gas to: Group of answer choices decrease the total gas pressure in the box by a factor of 2 occupy the entire 22.4 L volume of the box. increase the total gas pressure in the box by a factor of less than 2. spread out into the box, but the actual volume occupied but he gas cannot be known without pressure information. occupy only 11.2 L of the box.
Consider the situation where a binary liquid mixture (assume ideal solution) is slowly cooled at constant pressure until it begins to solidify. At the phase equilibrium between the solution and crystal, the chemical potentials of the solvent in each phase must be equal: u** (T,P)= µ"(T,P)+ k;Tlnx ... Equation (1) X, L denotes the crystal and liquid phase, respectively. Since Au = µ*L **: | Aµ = -kgTlnx ... Equation (2) Can you apply Equation (2) at non-phase change temperatures? Why?
A saturated solution containing 150 kilograms of sodium sulfate (mol. wt. = 142) in 600 kilograms of water is fed to Swenson-Walker crystallizer. The solubility of sodium sulfate at 10 °C is 9 kilogram of anhydrous salt per 100 kilogram of water, and the deposited crystals consist of the decahydrate (mol. Wt. = 322). Crystallization is by cooling at 10 °C. If 2% of the water was lost by evaporation during the cooling process, the percent (%) yield in the crystallizer is Blank 1%. **(Express your answer to two (2) decimal places. Do not put units on your answer)**

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