Answered: For each of these chemicals—angiotensin…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Related questions

Question

For each of these chemicals—angiotensin II, aldosterone,
antidiuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic hormone—
state where each is produced and how each affects the
circulatory system

Expert Solution

Step 1

Angiotensin II is the significant controller of aldosterone discharge, in the medulla, it upgrades catecholamine delivery and it applies trophic impacts in the adrenal and invigorates growth factor emission. Aldosterone is liable for directing sodium homeostasis, accordingly assisting with controlling blood volume and circulatory strain. ADH is typically delivered by the pituitary in light of sensors that identify an expansion in blood osmolality or diminishing blood volume. Atrial natriuretic chemical or ANP is an individual from a group of peptides that have significant jobs in managing circulatory strain.

Step 2

The liver produces and deliveries a protein called angiotensinogen, which is then separated by renin, a catalyst created in the kidney, to frame angiotensin I, and this hormone does not have a specific function in itself, however, is a significant antecedent for angiotensin II. As it passes in the circulation system through the lungs and kidneys, it is additionally utilized to create angiotensin II by the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Aldosterone is a steroid chemical synthesized and emitted from the external layer of the adrenal cortex, the zona glomerulosa. Aldosterone causes an expansion in salt and water reabsorption into the circulatory system from the kidney consequently expanding the blood volume, reestablishing salt levels and pulse.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is made by special nerve cells found in a space at the foundation of the mind known as the hypothalamus. The circulatory antidiuretic hormone acts on the kidney and the cardiovascular framework. ADH diminishes the volume of urine by expanding the reabsorption of water in the kidneys. ADH causes compression of vascular smooth muscles, choking of arterioles, and fringe vasoconstriction.
The atrial natriuretic hormone is synthesized and discharged from heart muscle cells, especially in the atria. It is a cardiovascular hormone that directs salt-water equilibrium and pulse by advancing renal sodium and water discharge and invigorating vasodilation. The hormone likewise has an enemy of hypertrophic work in the heart, which is autonomous of its fundamental pulse bringing down impact.