For determining the dryness fraction of a sample of steam at 14 bars, it was passed through a throttling calorimeter attached to the steam main. The pressure and temperature after the throttling process were recorded to be 120KPA and 248°F respectively. Calculate the dryness fraction of steam before passing through the throttling unit. Take cps=2.1KJ/kg for superheated steam.

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A: Consider the T-v diagram shown below.

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A:

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A:

Properties of Pure Substances

A substance with fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance like water, air, and nitrogen. A pure substance does not have to be a single element or compound. A mixture of two or more phases of a pure substance is also a pure substance as long as the chemical composition is the same for all phases. These substances mainly have a constant/ uniform composition. The substances also have fixed boiling and melting points. A pure substance takes part in a chemical reaction to form predictable products.