For an airplane in flight, the average speed of the air relative to the plane is 309 m/s below the wings and 339 m/s above the wings (see the figure below). The bottom of each wing has a surface area of 30.1 m2. Calculate the lift, which is the net upward force of air on the plane.
Fluid Pressure
The term fluid pressure is coined as, the measurement of the force per unit area of a given surface of a closed container. It is a branch of physics that helps to study the properties of fluid under various conditions of force.
Gauge Pressure
Pressure is the physical force acting per unit area on a body; the applied force is perpendicular to the surface of the object per unit area. The air around us at sea level exerts a pressure (atmospheric pressure) of about 14.7 psi but this doesn’t seem to bother anyone as the bodily fluids are constantly pushing outwards with the same force but if one swims down into the ocean a few feet below the surface one can notice the difference, there is increased pressure on the eardrum, this is due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure.
For an airplane in flight, the average speed of the air relative to the plane is 309 m/s below the wings and 339 m/s above the wings (see the figure below). The bottom of each wing has a surface area of 30.1 m2. Calculate the lift, which is the net upward force of air on the plane.
![The image displays a diagram of airflow over an airfoil, which is a cross-sectional shape of a wing or blade (as in a turbine) designed to generate lift when moved through air.
### Diagram Explanation:
- **Streamlines**: The blue lines represent streamlines of airflow. They illustrate the path followed by air molecules as they move across and around the airfoil.
- **Airfoil Shape**: The dark gray shape in the center is the airfoil. It's tilted at an angle, which is the angle of attack, enhancing its ability to generate lift.
- **Flow Characteristics**:
- At the leading edge (the front part of the airfoil), the streamlines are closely spaced, indicating higher airspeed and lower pressure, which is crucial for lift generation.
- The curvature of the streamlines over the top of the airfoil contrasts with the straighter path below. This demonstrates how airflow velocity differs on the upper and lower surfaces.
- The streamlines converge again at the trailing edge (back part), indicating reconvergence of airflows, which is important for pressure balance and lift maintenance.
Understanding this airflow pattern is essential for aerodynamics and is fundamental in studying how aircraft wings and other lifting surfaces work to achieve flight.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa989a627-42c0-450c-bef1-d0af7a0426ef%2F5730d58e-c74e-4732-af51-b1eb80a0db86%2F1770tan_processed.gif&w=3840&q=75)
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