For a simply supported prestressed concrete beam, compute the stress in the top fiber due to initial prestressing force and service loads. Properties of the beam are: Width of the beam, b: 204 mm; Depth of the beam, d: 475 mm; Concrete cover of the beam, cc: 43 mm; Prestressing Force, P: 686 KN; Superimposed Load, w: 11 KN/m; Length of the beam, L: 14 m; Weight of Concrete: 23.5 KN/m3. Stress is in unit MPa. Write only the value of your final answer. (not including saitonighe to

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Load and resistance factor design

Load and resistance factors design (LRFD), also known as Limit state design (LSD), refers to the design method used in building engineering. A boundary condition is a condition of a structure where it can no longer meet the relevant design requirements. The condition may refer to the load level or other actions on the structure, while the terms refer to the integrity of the structure, suitability for use, durability, or other design requirements. A structure designed for LRFD is limited to keeping track of all possible actions during its design time and is always ready for use, with the appropriate level of reliability in each boundary condition. LRFD-based construction codes clearly define the appropriate levels of reliability in their instructions.