For A & B, you MAY NOT add or erase lone pairs. H3C H,C-CHCH2 А. H2N. `CH „NH2 HC Н—С—СН- -C-H Hint: Make N charged. Also, do one side at a time, but dont do both sides at В. the same time. NH2 HC CH H-C-CH- -C-H Alternatively, we can also have: H2N. `CH NH2 HC H-C- Н—С—СН—с—н
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
Provide ALL reasonable resonance structures for each molecular structure below. Note that you need use the curved arrows to show how electrons are moved and please make sure your answers are legit Lewis structure (with lone pairs).
![### Resonance Structures Practice
For A & B, you MAY NOT add or erase lone pairs.
#### A.
\[ \text{H}_3\text{C}-\overset{\overset{\cdot\cdot}{\cdot}\cdot}{\text{C}}\text{H}-\overset{\overset{\cdot\cdot}{\cdot}\cdot}{\text{C}}=\text{C}\text{H}_2 \rightleftharpoons \]
Here you are given a structure with a carbon chain and implied resonance directions. Try to depict alternative resonance structures while maintaining the lone pairs as they are.
#### B.
\[ \begin{aligned}
\text{H}_2\text{N} & = \overset{\overset{\cdot\cdot}{\cdot}\cdot}{\text{C}}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{C}=\text{C}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{N}\text{H}_2 \quad \rightleftharpoons \\
\end{aligned} \]
##### Hint:
Make N charged. Also, do one side at a time, but don't do both sides at the same time.
\[ \begin{aligned}
\text{H}_2\text{N} & \equiv \overset{+}{\text{C}}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{C}=\text{C}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{N}\text{H}_2 \quad \rightleftharpoons \\
\end{aligned} \]
Alternatively, we can also have:
\[ \begin{aligned}
\text{H}_2\text{N} & = \overset{\overset{\cdot\cdot}{\cdot}\cdot}{\text{C}}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{C}-\text{C}-\text{H} \\
& \| \\
& \text{N}\text{H}_2 \quad \\
\end{aligned} \]
This problem requires adjusting molecular structures to show resonance forms. Follow the guidelines to ensure lone pairs remain unaltered,](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa7f9c6ce-7c61-4a7b-90a0-6a641d198bf8%2F95d54b7c-1b08-4fef-a380-95ed245fc511%2F78r8hjy_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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