xParagraphto be installed, but first we need to close some apps.2.|N1...Accessibility: InvestigateILOUpdate now3HNI..Following are reasons for political behaviors in organizations, EXCEPT:A) Ambiguous goalsB) Organizational changesC) Scarce resourcesD) DiversityE) Dynamic environment4is the most effective but least frequently used influence tactic.A) LegitimatingB) IngratiationC) CoalitionsD) Inspirational AppealsE) ConsultationT5Style

Note: Since you have asked multiple questions, we would provide the solution to the first question as per the guidelines. If you want solution for a specific question, then please repost it and specify the question number. Organizations consist of several employees who work together for the purpose of contributing towards the accomplishment of the organizational objectives. Organizations function in an environment which keeps on changing. It is important that managers take into consideration these changes and then develop the strategies accordingly so that the changes can be dealt with effectively. Some of the environmental factors include political, technological, economic, social, legal and so on. These factors are volatile in nature and can affect the organizational functioning and operations. Hence, a proactive approach should be adopted for maintaining the effectiveness of the organization. Correct Option - (D) Diversity: It means that people from different backgrounds, cultures, religions are employed in the organization. It leads to diverse opinions and views. Diversity also helps in building the reputation of the organization. This does not give rise to any political behavior as diversity leads to more people achieving organizational objectives. Individuals do not get any chance to make use of any uncertain situations or diverse workforce. Diversity is a positive concept that helps in improving the performance. Hence, it is the correct option. Wrong Options (A) Ambiguous goals: There may be situations when the organizational goals are confusing and do not provide clarity. This may give rise to more politics. The people may take the advantage of utilizing the personal gains and prioritizing them over the organizational goals. As a result, it can be considered that ambiguous goals give rise to political behavior. Hence, it is an incorrect option. (B) Organizational changes: The organizational changes may also give rise to the political behavior. These changes might include introduction of the new products, opening of new divisions and so on. These organizational changes may give rise to political behavior as the individuals may work towards their own interest in lieu of the organizational interests. Hence, it is an incorrect option. (C) Scarce resources: When the resources are limited, they may give rise to the problems in allocation of these resources. Hence, there may be situations of encouraging political behavior. Hence, it is an incorrect option. (E) Dynamic environment: Organizations function in dynamic environment. These changes in the environment can give rise to political behavior as the individuals may take help of these dynamic changes and uncertainity which may further lead to more complex problems. Hence, it is an incorrect option.