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Fischer Esterification What is the experimental and theoretical percent yield?

Fischer Esterification What is the experimental and theoretical percent yield?

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Fischer Esterification

What is the experimental and theoretical percent yield? 

**Experiment 8: Fischer Esterification (Data Sheet)** **Running the reaction** - 1.20 mL of isopentyl alcohol and 1.70 mL of glacial acetic acid were placed in a 5 mL conical vial. - Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid were added. - An air condenser (cooled with a wet paper towel) was added and the mixture was gently refluxed for 60 minutes. - Upon cooling, two layers formed: the smaller layer making the bottom layer. **Product isolation** - After the removal of the air condenser, 1 mL of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution was added; the mixture was gently mixed leading to foaming (CO₂ formation); the bottom layer was removed. - Two more extractions with 1 mL of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution were performed, the last one barely leading to any bubble formation. - The organic layer was transferred to a clean test tube and dried over three microspatulas of anhydrous sodium sulfate. - The dry organic layer was transferred to a 3 mL conical vial; a Hickman head was attached and a thermometer placed inside the Hickman head. - The crude was distilled until only two drops remained in the vial. **Product characterization** - 1.05 g of the product. - B.p.: 138.5-141.5 °C. - Refractive index: nD¹⁸ = 1.3980.
Transcribed Image Text:**Experiment 8: Fischer Esterification (Data Sheet)** **Running the reaction** - 1.20 mL of isopentyl alcohol and 1.70 mL of glacial acetic acid were placed in a 5 mL conical vial. - Three drops of concentrated sulfuric acid were added. - An air condenser (cooled with a wet paper towel) was added and the mixture was gently refluxed for 60 minutes. - Upon cooling, two layers formed: the smaller layer making the bottom layer. **Product isolation** - After the removal of the air condenser, 1 mL of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution was added; the mixture was gently mixed leading to foaming (CO₂ formation); the bottom layer was removed. - Two more extractions with 1 mL of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution were performed, the last one barely leading to any bubble formation. - The organic layer was transferred to a clean test tube and dried over three microspatulas of anhydrous sodium sulfate. - The dry organic layer was transferred to a 3 mL conical vial; a Hickman head was attached and a thermometer placed inside the Hickman head. - The crude was distilled until only two drops remained in the vial. **Product characterization** - 1.05 g of the product. - B.p.: 138.5-141.5 °C. - Refractive index: nD¹⁸ = 1.3980.
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