Answered: Calculate limiting reagent and percent…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

Calculate limiting reagent and percent yield

Expert Solution

Given

Reaction between Acetone and Benzaldehye to give Dibenzalacetone via Aldol condensation mechanism.

Solution

The balanced equation is

CH₃COCH₃ + 2C₆H₅CHO $\to$ C₆H₅-CH=CH-CO-CH=CH-C₆H₅

To find the limiting reagent

Yield due to acetone = $\frac{M a s s o f a c e t o n e}{M o l a r m a s s o f a c e t o n e} * M o l a r m a s o f d i b e n z a l a c e t o n e$

= $\frac{0.9 g}{58.08 g / m o l} * 234.29 g / m o l$

= 3.6305 g

Yield due to benzaldehyde = $\frac{M a s s o f b e n z a l d e h y d e}{M o l a r m a s s o f b e n z a l d e h y d e} * M o l a r m a s o f d i b e n z a l a c e t o n e$

= $\frac{2.2 g}{106.12 g / m o l} * 234.29 g / m o l$

= 4.857 g

Acetone gives lower yield. So, Acetone is the limiting reagent. Hence the yield due to Acetone is the theoretical yield.

To find percent yield

Percent yield = $\frac{A c t u a l y i e l d}{T h e o r e t i c a l y i e l d} * 100$

= $\frac{2.92 g}{3.6305 g} * 100$

= 80.43%

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