Fill in the "Reactions" in the provided Data TableI've already tried to complete most of the table.Need you to check the reactions I have + I'm not sure what the reaction is for the second box (I left it blank) The procedure is attached and a flow chart SampleProcedureObservation for Known (Week 1)Chemical Equation(s)Observation for Unknown (Week 2)Conclusion for Unknown (Week 2)Part AStep 1 & 2 & 3Solution (acidified with HNO3)+ 12M HCL (2 drops)+ 6M HCL (2 drops)White precipitate: precipitate washed (step 6) supernatant saved for Part BReactions:1. Ag+ + Cl- → AgCl(s)2. Hg22+ + 2Cl- → Hg2Cl2(s)3. Pb2+ + 2Cl- → PbCl2(s) White precipitate Pb2+, Hg22+, and Ag+ possiblePart AStep 7 & 8Precipitate + hot H2O (10 drops)Some precipitate dissolves into solutionsupernatant for step 9precipitate for step 10Reaction:1.Remaining precipitate = Part AStep 9Supernatant + 2 drops of 1M K2CrO4Yellow precipitateReaction:1. Pb2+ + CrO42- → PbCrO4(s) Yellow precipitate Pb2+ is present Part AStep 10Precipitate from step 8 + 10 drops of 15M NH3Gray-Black precipitate formedReaction:1. Hg2Cl2 + 2NH3 → Hg + HgNH2Cl(s) + NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq)Supernatant saved for next step Gray-black precipitate Part AStep 10Supernatant from above + 6M HNO3 until acidic to litmusWhite precipitate formedReaction:1. AgCl + 2NH3 → [Ag(NH3)2+(aq) + Cl- (aq) White precipitate Aqueous solution of cationsHCI(aq)Aqueous solution ofother cationsAgCI(s), Hg,CL(s), PbCl,(s) (analysis in Part A)white(save for Part B)hot H,0AgCI(s), Hg,Cl,(s)Pb2 (aq)whitecolorlessNH,(aq)K,Cro̟(aq)Hg(1), H9NH,CI(s)[Ag(NH,)J(aq)PbCro,(s)gray-blackcolorlessyellowHNO,AgCl(s)whiteFigure 22.2. Flowchart for Part A. Part A. Separation and Analysis of Metal Cations Ag, Pb?*,and Hg," (Figure 22.2)1. PMace 20 dreps of a known saolution or 20 drops of an unknown solucion in a 10 x 75 mm or13 X L00 mm seM tube. Add 3 drops of 6 M nitric acid. Test the solution with litmus paperto see if che solution is acidic. If it is sill basic, add 6 M HNO,, dropwise until the solutionis acidic. One of che mon important variables contailling chemical reactions is the pH of thesolution.2. Nest add 2 drops of concetrated (12 M) hydrochloric acid. HCI. Stir the solution for 3minutes. (Ie is hard to overstir.) Follow along on your flowchart in Figure 22.2. Yoa are pre-cipitating metal chlorides. Some precipitates funm alewly and require both time and thoroughmixing. After 5 minutes, allow the precipitate to setle.3. Now add I drop of 6 M hydrochloric ocid, HCl, solution so determine whether precipicationIs complese. If peccipitation is nor compkee you will observe more forming, In this case, stirand add more drops of 6 M HCl until no moee procipitate is formed.4. Cool the test eabe by diorine i inro cold wer. Then cererikr (Labeeatory Methods 1)the misnure. If che sample a stil aspendal, cenrifge again. If ihis sill does not work. youmay find ik helpful o hear the ample in the waer badh for a few minates, chereby peomotinsformation of largr crysab of solid. which wnd to cenirifuge moe calyS Carefuly decant (Laboratory Methods G) the vapernatant liquid into another cest tube anaav. f the solution is aor decanted ckanly and seme peecipitate is presene in the Mpernatant.cmtrifuging and decanting mut be epested6 Wash the precipite wich a few drops of distilod water. Washing is done to remove residualIiquid left in the tear tube. This quid concaim sample lon that can incerfere with farther tesSon the wlid. Add the wash liquid, wales, which does not incerfere wih the analysis, and wirthoroughly to disperse the elid in the wash, Centrifiuar and decare the wash solurion intothe test ube contraining the original vapernatane liquid that you uved. Sar ais sapermataurliynid far the analynle in Part B (eaniona that did nar precipitate in HCO.7. Add 10 drops of hot warer so the precipitne, uir, and heat the tet ube in a hoe water bath(Laboeatory Methods DI) to near beiling Folkow alang on the flowchart in Flgure 22.2 andsee that any lead(II) chloride should dissolve in she hor warer, and mercury() chloride or ilverchloride should remain aa precipitate. Make sure you recoed any observations on your datapage.8. Afier hearing, ceniriuge the hot mianure. and decant the hot upermatant liquid inco a tewtest tube. Wash the precipitae with 2-3 deops of hot water, omirifuge, and decant the washsolution into the test be containing vupernatan liquid Save the precipicane for Hg" andAg resing lf PCI, is t compleoedy disolrad and separated from Hg,Cl, ualid, P willlater eacr with the Part A sest for Hg,. This will be purtkulatly confusing if Hg. is notprese because you will obeain a white, insolahle l6(OHX1 rather chan a gray-black snlid. ti dacoret o confirne Hg" frew shv ad pyr.9. Allow the supematant iquid from the peevinas puragraph to cool. Then add a few dropi of 1M potasium chromate, K,CO, mlution so several drops of the vupematant liquid. A yellowprecipirate of lead chremate, PbCO, indicaes che presence of Po,10. Te a precipicare of siver chloride, AgCl, ar mercury(I) chloride, He.Cd, (saved from step8), ald 10 drops of concenirated (15 M) aquous ammonia. NH, A gray-black precipitaneof mercury, and mercury(II) amidochloride, HgNH,ICI, indicates the presence of Hg.".Cenerifuge the mixnure, and decant the supermatant liquid. To the wupematant liquid, add6M nicrk acid. HNO solution dropwise until the solucion glves an acidic reaction to bluelitma paper. A white poecipitate of AgCl indkares che peesence of Ag.

The chemical reactions taking place at each step carried out has been described below.

Fill in the "Reactions" in the provided Data Table I've already tried to complete most of the table. Need you to check the reactions I have + I'm not sure what the reaction is for the second box (I left it blank) The procedure is attached and a flow chart Sample Procedure Observation for Known (Week 1) Chemical Equation(s) Observation for Unknown (Week 2) Conclusion for Unknown (Week 2) Part A Step 1 & 2 & 3 Solution (acidified with HNO3) + 12M HCL (2 drops) + 6M HCL (2 drops) White precipitate: precipitate washed (step 6) supernatant saved for Part B Reactions: 1. Ag+ + Cl- → AgCl(s) 2. Hg22+ + 2Cl- → Hg2Cl2(s) 3. Pb2+ + 2Cl- → PbCl2(s) White precipitate Pb2+, Hg22+, and Ag+ possible Part A Step 7 & 8 Precipitate + hot H2O (10 drops) Some precipitate dissolves into solution supernatant for step 9 precipitate for step 10 Reaction: 1. Remaining precipitate = Part A Step 9 Supernatant + 2 drops of 1M K2CrO4 Yellow precipitate Reaction: 1. Pb2+ + CrO42- → PbCrO4(s) Yellow precipitate Pb2+ is present Part A Step 10 Precipitate from step 8 + 10 drops of 15M NH3 Gray-Black precipitate formed Reaction: 1. Hg2Cl2 + 2NH3 → Hg + HgNH2Cl(s) + NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq) Supernatant saved for next step Gray-black precipitate Part A Step 10 Supernatant from above + 6M HNO3 until acidic to litmus White precipitate formed Reaction: 1. AgCl + 2NH3 → [Ag(NH3)2+(aq) + Cl- (aq) White precipitate

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...