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Fill in the missing product, or reactant in the reactions below. If no reaction will happen, write “NO REACTION” in the product box. If multiple products can form, show the MAJOR product, taking care to illustrate stereochemistry as appropriate

Fill in the missing product, or reactant in the reactions below. If no reaction will happen, write “NO REACTION” in the product box. If multiple products can form, show the MAJOR product, taking care to illustrate stereochemistry as appropriate

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Fill in the missing product, or reactant in the reactions below. If no reaction will happen, write “NO
REACTION” in the product box. If multiple products can form, show the MAJOR product, taking care to
illustrate stereochemistry as appropriate

### Reaction Mechanism: Aminolysis of an Acid Chloride #### Reactants: - **4-Chlorobutanoyl chloride (C4H6Cl2O):** A cyclic acid chloride featuring a chlorine atom (Cl) attached to a four-carbon carboxylic acid derivative cyclic backbone with a ketone group (=O). - **Propylamine (C3H9N):** An amine consisting of a propyl group (three carbon chain) attached to an amino group (NH2). #### Reaction Conditions: - **Acid Catalyst (H⁺):** The presence of an acid catalyst facilitates the reaction. #### General Reaction Scheme: The reaction depicted involves the conversion of an acyl chloride with an amine, likely to form an amide. The specific mechanism can involve nucleophilic attack of the amine on the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride. 1. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The lone pair of electrons from the nitrogen atom in propylamine attacks the electrophilic carbon within the carbonyl group of the acid chloride. 2. **Intermediate Formation:** The nucleophilic attack leads to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate where the nitrogen is bonded to the carbonyl carbon. 3. **Chloride Leaving Group:** The chloride ion (Cl⁻) is displaced as a leaving group, facilitating the formation of the carbon-nitrogen bond. 4. **Product Formation:** The result of this mechanism is the formation of a new amide bond, producing an amide as the final product along with the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a by-product. The reaction is typical in organic synthesis for creating amide bonds under acidic conditions, useful in producing a variety of organic compounds including pharmaceuticals and polymers.
Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Mechanism: Aminolysis of an Acid Chloride #### Reactants: - **4-Chlorobutanoyl chloride (C4H6Cl2O):** A cyclic acid chloride featuring a chlorine atom (Cl) attached to a four-carbon carboxylic acid derivative cyclic backbone with a ketone group (=O). - **Propylamine (C3H9N):** An amine consisting of a propyl group (three carbon chain) attached to an amino group (NH2). #### Reaction Conditions: - **Acid Catalyst (H⁺):** The presence of an acid catalyst facilitates the reaction. #### General Reaction Scheme: The reaction depicted involves the conversion of an acyl chloride with an amine, likely to form an amide. The specific mechanism can involve nucleophilic attack of the amine on the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride. 1. **Nucleophilic Attack:** The lone pair of electrons from the nitrogen atom in propylamine attacks the electrophilic carbon within the carbonyl group of the acid chloride. 2. **Intermediate Formation:** The nucleophilic attack leads to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate where the nitrogen is bonded to the carbonyl carbon. 3. **Chloride Leaving Group:** The chloride ion (Cl⁻) is displaced as a leaving group, facilitating the formation of the carbon-nitrogen bond. 4. **Product Formation:** The result of this mechanism is the formation of a new amide bond, producing an amide as the final product along with the release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a by-product. The reaction is typical in organic synthesis for creating amide bonds under acidic conditions, useful in producing a variety of organic compounds including pharmaceuticals and polymers.
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