Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Explanation for Educational Website
**Fill in the missing product for the reaction shown below:**
The image depicts a chemical reaction involving an aromatic compound undergoing nitration. The starting material is a compound with a benzene ring attached to an isopropyl group.
**Reagents:**
- The reaction employs nitric acid (HNO₃) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) as a catalyst.
**Reaction Mechanism:**
- This is a standard electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, where the nitro group (NO₂) from nitric acid is introduced to the aromatic ring.
- Sulfuric acid acts as a catalyst by generating the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺) responsible for the nitration.
**Products:**
- The expected product is an arene with a nitro group substituted onto the benzene ring, along with water (H₂O) as a byproduct.
**Graphical Representation:**
- The left side of the arrow represents the starting aromatic compound with an isopropyl group.
- The reagents (HNO₃ and H₂SO₄) are indicated above the reaction arrow.
- The right side of the arrow includes a rectangular placeholder for the missing aromatic nitro compound, where the nitro group is added to the aromatic ring.
- The equation concludes with water (H₂O) as a byproduct next to the reaction products.
This is a typical example of aromatic nitration, showcasing the use of mixed acid to introduce functional groups onto the benzene ring.
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