FILL in the BLANK. Write in CAPITAL LETTERS. Failure to follow instructions would mean INCORRECT ANSWER. (1)_________ plays a central role in the elimination of drugs and other foreign compounds (xenobiotics) from the body. A solid understanding of drug metabolic pathways is an essential tool for pharmacists in their role of selecting and monitoring appropriate drug therapy for their patients. Most organic compounds entering the body are relatively (2)____-soluble. Xenobiotics then meet their metabolic fate through various biological catalysts, also known as (3) _______ that change the parent compound to render it more (4)______- soluble. Once the metabolite is sufficiently water soluble, it may be excreted from the body. Drug metabolism reactions have traditionally been regarded as (5)______ processes, since generally, they convert xenobiotics into their hydrophilic or non-toxic forms. Unfortunately, it is incorrect to assume that drug metabolism reactions are always detoxifying. Many drugs are biotransformed to pharmacologically (6)______ metabolites. These metabolites may have significant activity that contributes substantially to the pharmacological or toxicological effect(s) ascribed to the parent drug. Occasionally, the parent compound is inactive when administered and must be metabolically converted to a biologically active drug (metabolite). These types of compounds are referred to as (7)______. Finally, some agents are metabolically converted into their (8)______ forms, causing adverse effects.
FILL in the BLANK. Write in CAPITAL LETTERS. Failure to follow instructions would mean INCORRECT ANSWER. (1)_________ plays a central role in the elimination of drugs and other foreign compounds (xenobiotics) from the body. A solid understanding of drug metabolic pathways is an essential tool for pharmacists in their role of selecting and monitoring appropriate drug therapy for their patients. Most organic compounds entering the body are relatively (2)____-soluble. Xenobiotics then meet their metabolic fate through various biological catalysts, also known as (3) _______ that change the parent compound to render it more (4)______- soluble. Once the metabolite is sufficiently water soluble, it may be excreted from the body. Drug metabolism reactions have traditionally been regarded as (5)______ processes, since generally, they convert xenobiotics into their hydrophilic or non-toxic forms. Unfortunately, it is incorrect to assume that drug metabolism reactions are always detoxifying. Many drugs are biotransformed to pharmacologically (6)______ metabolites. These metabolites may have significant activity that contributes substantially to the pharmacological or toxicological effect(s) ascribed to the parent drug. Occasionally, the parent compound is inactive when administered and must be metabolically converted to a biologically active drug (metabolite). These types of compounds are referred to as (7)______. Finally, some agents are metabolically converted into their (8)______ forms, causing adverse effects.
FILL in the BLANK. Write in CAPITAL LETTERS. Failure to follow instructions would mean INCORRECT ANSWER. (1)_________ plays a central role in the elimination of drugs and other foreign compounds (xenobiotics) from the body. A solid understanding of drug metabolic pathways is an essential tool for pharmacists in their role of selecting and monitoring appropriate drug therapy for their patients. Most organic compounds entering the body are relatively (2)____-soluble. Xenobiotics then meet their metabolic fate through various biological catalysts, also known as (3) _______ that change the parent compound to render it more (4)______- soluble. Once the metabolite is sufficiently water soluble, it may be excreted from the body. Drug metabolism reactions have traditionally been regarded as (5)______ processes, since generally, they convert xenobiotics into their hydrophilic or non-toxic forms. Unfortunately, it is incorrect to assume that drug metabolism reactions are always detoxifying. Many drugs are biotransformed to pharmacologically (6)______ metabolites. These metabolites may have significant activity that contributes substantially to the pharmacological or toxicological effect(s) ascribed to the parent drug. Occasionally, the parent compound is inactive when administered and must be metabolically converted to a biologically active drug (metabolite). These types of compounds are referred to as (7)______. Finally, some agents are metabolically converted into their (8)______ forms, causing adverse effects.
FILL in the BLANK. Write in CAPITAL LETTERS. Failure to follow instructions would mean INCORRECT ANSWER.
(1)_________ plays a central role in the elimination of drugs and other foreign compounds (xenobiotics) from the body. A solid understanding of drug metabolic pathways is an essential tool for pharmacists in their role of selecting and monitoring appropriate drug therapy for their patients. Most organic compounds entering the body are relatively (2)____-soluble. Xenobiotics then meet their metabolic fate through various biological catalysts, also known as (3) _______ that change the parent compound to render it more (4)______- soluble. Once the metabolite is sufficiently water soluble, it may be excreted from the body.
Drug metabolism reactions have traditionally been regarded as (5)______ processes, since generally, they convert xenobiotics into their hydrophilic or non-toxic forms. Unfortunately, it is incorrect to assume that drug metabolism reactions are always detoxifying. Many drugs are biotransformed to pharmacologically (6)______ metabolites. These metabolites may have significant activity that contributes substantially to the pharmacological or toxicological effect(s) ascribed to the parent drug. Occasionally, the parent compound is inactive when administered and must be metabolically converted to a biologically active drug (metabolite). These types of compounds are referred to as (7)______. Finally, some agents are metabolically converted into their (8)______ forms, causing adverse effects.
Chemical pathways by which living things function, especially those that provide cellular energy, such as the transformation of energy from food into the energy of ATP. Metabolism also focuses on chemical pathways involving the synthesis of new biomolecules and the elimination of waste.
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