FIGURE 3-8 Meiosis in a diploid cell of genotype Ala; B/b. The diagram shows how the segregation and assortment of different chromosome pairs give rise to the 1:1:1:1 Mendelan gametic ratio. Independent assortment of chromosomes at meiosis explains Mendel's ratio LounchPad ANIMATED ART: Meiotic recombination between unlinked genes by independent assortment Interphase. Chromosomes are unpaired. Prophase. Chromosomes and centromeres have replicated, but centromeres have not split. Prophase. Homologs synapse. Anaphase. Centromeres attach to spindle and are pulled to poles of cell. The other, equally frequent, alignment Telophase. Two cells form. Second anaphase. New spindles form, and centromeres finally divide. B End of meiosis. Four cells produced from each meiosis. equal frequencies. In other words, the frequency of each of the four genotypes is 1/4. This gametic distribution is that postulated by Mendel for a dihybrid, and it is the one that we inserted along one edge of the Punnett square in Figure 3-4. The random fusion of these gametes results in the 9:3:3:1 F2 phenotypic ratio.

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Inspect Figure 3-8: which meiotic stage is responsible
for generating Mendel’s second law?

FIGURE 3-8 Meiosis in a diploid cell of
genotype Ala; B/b. The diagram shows
how the segregation and assortment of
different chromosome pairs give rise to
the 1:1:1:1 Mendelan gametic ratio.
Independent assortment of chromosomes
at meiosis explains Mendel's ratio
LounchPad ANIMATED ART: Meiotic
recombination between unlinked genes by
independent assortment
Interphase. Chromosomes
are unpaired.
Prophase. Chromosomes
and centromeres have
replicated, but centromeres
have not split.
Prophase.
Homologs synapse.
Anaphase.
Centromeres attach to
spindle and are pulled
to poles of cell.
The other,
equally
frequent,
alignment
Telophase.
Two cells form.
Second anaphase.
New spindles form,
and centromeres
finally divide.
B
End of meiosis.
Four cells produced
from each meiosis.
equal frequencies. In other words, the frequency of each of the four genotypes is 1/4.
This gametic distribution is that postulated by Mendel for a dihybrid, and it is the
one that we inserted along one edge of the Punnett square in Figure 3-4. The random
fusion of these gametes results in the 9:3:3:1 F2 phenotypic ratio.
Transcribed Image Text:FIGURE 3-8 Meiosis in a diploid cell of genotype Ala; B/b. The diagram shows how the segregation and assortment of different chromosome pairs give rise to the 1:1:1:1 Mendelan gametic ratio. Independent assortment of chromosomes at meiosis explains Mendel's ratio LounchPad ANIMATED ART: Meiotic recombination between unlinked genes by independent assortment Interphase. Chromosomes are unpaired. Prophase. Chromosomes and centromeres have replicated, but centromeres have not split. Prophase. Homologs synapse. Anaphase. Centromeres attach to spindle and are pulled to poles of cell. The other, equally frequent, alignment Telophase. Two cells form. Second anaphase. New spindles form, and centromeres finally divide. B End of meiosis. Four cells produced from each meiosis. equal frequencies. In other words, the frequency of each of the four genotypes is 1/4. This gametic distribution is that postulated by Mendel for a dihybrid, and it is the one that we inserted along one edge of the Punnett square in Figure 3-4. The random fusion of these gametes results in the 9:3:3:1 F2 phenotypic ratio.
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