FIGURE 24.38 The operation of an electromagnetic flowmeter. 1. Positive and negative ions flow to the right in the field of the magnets. 2. An end view shows that the magnetic force on the positive ions is to the right, and that on the negative ions is to the left. v out N of page N B. Fneg pos 3. The resulting charge separation leads to a • potential difference that S S can be measured between two electrodes.

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Typical blood velocities in the coronary arteries range from 10 to 30 cm/s. An electromagnetic flowmeter applies a magnetic field of 0.25 T to a coronary artery with a blood velocity of 15 cm/s. As shown in Figure 24.38, this field exerts a force on ions in the blood, which will separate. The ions will separate until they make an electric field that exactly balances the magnetic force. This electric field produces a voltage that can be measured.
a. What force is felt by a singly ionized (positive) sodium ion?
b. Charges in the blood will separate until they produce an electric field that cancels this magnetic force. What will be the resulting electric field?
c. What voltage will this electric field produce across an artery with a diameter of 3.0 mm?

FIGURE 24.38 The operation of an electromagnetic flowmeter.
1. Positive and negative
ions flow to the right in
the field of the magnets.
2. An end view shows that the magnetic
force on the positive ions is to the right,
and that on the negative ions is to the left.
v out
N
of page
N
B.
Fneg
pos
3. The resulting charge
separation leads to a
• potential difference that
S
S
can be measured
between two electrodes.
Transcribed Image Text:FIGURE 24.38 The operation of an electromagnetic flowmeter. 1. Positive and negative ions flow to the right in the field of the magnets. 2. An end view shows that the magnetic force on the positive ions is to the right, and that on the negative ions is to the left. v out N of page N B. Fneg pos 3. The resulting charge separation leads to a • potential difference that S S can be measured between two electrodes.
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