Eye optical system 1. Optical power of the cornca: Feornea = F, + F = Clary fibers R. R. F- optical power of the cornea front surface, D; F, - optical power of the cornea back surface, D; R - radius of curvature of the comea front surface, m; Vieous hunor Compa Lene R, - radius of curvature of the comea back surface, Fo m; n1 ambient refraction index (for air n1 = 1 and for water n, = 1.33); n2 - cornea refraction index; n - aqueous humour refraction index. 2. Optical power of the erystalline lens: Ferystaline lens =+F, = -Opto nerve Аак humor Scara F - optical power of the crystalline lens front surface, D; F, - optical power of the crystalline lens back surface, D; R - radius of curvature of the crystalline lens front surface, m; R, - radius of curvature of the crystalline lens back surface, m; n - aqueous humour refraction index; n, - crystalline lens refraction index; n; - vitreous humor refraction index. Table - Parameters for the Eye Radius, mm Index of Front Back refraction n, =1.38 n4 =1.4 R = 7.8 Ramaz =10 Ramin =6 Aqueous humour and vitreous humor R = 7.3 Ramar = 6 Remis =5.5 Cornea Crystalline lens (Fmin) Crystalline lens (Fm) s 1.33 3. Optical power of eye: F= Farneg + Feristalline lens 4. Lens equation: 1 1. 1 Согпea Lens S- lens focal length (m); F- lens optical power (D); p - distance from the object to the lens or object distance (m); q - distance from the image to the lens or image distance (m). 5. Height of image on the retina: H =- H - height of image on the retina, m; h - height of object, m; q - image distance (for human eye on the average is equal to 1.5 cm), m; p - distance of the object to optical system of the eye, m. 6. Lens magnification: н H- image height (m); h - object height (m), p- object distance (m); g - image distance (m). 7. Law of refraction: nisine, = nastnez n1 - is refraction index of the first medium, n2 – is refraction index of the second medium, e, incident angle, 02 – refraction angle.
Ray Optics
Optics is the study of light in the field of physics. It refers to the study and properties of light. Optical phenomena can be classified into three categories: ray optics, wave optics, and quantum optics. Geometrical optics, also known as ray optics, is an optics model that explains light propagation using rays. In an optical device, a ray is a direction along which light energy is transmitted from one point to another. Geometric optics assumes that waves (rays) move in straight lines before they reach a surface. When a ray collides with a surface, it can bounce back (reflect) or bend (refract), but it continues in a straight line. The laws of reflection and refraction are the fundamental laws of geometrical optics. Light is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength that falls within the visible spectrum.
Converging Lens
Converging lens, also known as a convex lens, is thinner at the upper and lower edges and thicker at the center. The edges are curved outwards. This lens can converge a beam of parallel rays of light that is coming from outside and focus it on a point on the other side of the lens.
Plano-Convex Lens
To understand the topic well we will first break down the name of the topic, ‘Plano Convex lens’ into three separate words and look at them individually.
Lateral Magnification
In very simple terms, the same object can be viewed in enlarged versions of itself, which we call magnification. To rephrase, magnification is the ability to enlarge the image of an object without physically altering its dimensions and structure. This process is mainly done to get an even more detailed view of the object by scaling up the image. A lot of daily life examples for this can be the use of magnifying glasses, projectors, and microscopes in laboratories. This plays a vital role in the fields of research and development and to some extent even our daily lives; our daily activity of magnifying images and texts on our mobile screen for a better look is nothing other than magnification.
(a) Using table data presented in the text, calculate the focusing power ???? of the crystalline lens in the case when eye is focused to view distant objects. (b) Knowing that focusing power of the cornea is ??????? = 42 D, calculate minimum focusing power of the eye. (c) Find what if the eye focal length in this case.
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