Explain why dissolving a nonvolatile solute in water affects the system in the following ways by selecting all true statements:Incorrect.The system has a higher boiling point than water.O The solute lowers the vapor pressure of the water.O The solute increases the vapor pressure of the water.O A higher temperature is required to obtain a vapor pressure of water equal to 1 atm.O A lower temperature is required to obtain a vapor pressure of water equal to 1 atm.O The normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is 1 atm.HintIncorrect.The system has a lower freezing point than water.O Presence of the solute lowers the triple point.O Presence of the solute increases the triple point.O For all substances, the change in the triple point results in a lower freezing point.O For water, the change in the triple point results in a lower freezing point.O None of these.Hint

Answered: Explain why dissolving a nonvolatile…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Explain why dissolving a nonvolatile solute in water affects the system in the following ways by selecting all true statements:
Incorrect.
The system has a higher boiling point than water.
O The solute lowers the vapor pressure of the water.
O The solute increases the vapor pressure of the water.
O A higher temperature is required to obtain a vapor pressure of water equal to 1 atm.
O A lower temperature is required to obtain a vapor pressure of water equal to 1 atm.
O The normal boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is 1 atm.
Hint
Incorrect.
The system has a lower freezing point than water.
O Presence of the solute lowers the triple point.
O Presence of the solute increases the triple point.
O For all substances, the change in the triple point results in a lower freezing point.
O For water, the change in the triple point results in a lower freezing point.
O None of these.
Hint

Expert Solution

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Concept: when a non-volatile solute is dissolved in any solution Then due to increased randomness in the solution the entropy of the solution increased.

A nonvolatile solute has a vapor pressure of zero, thus the vapor pressure of the solution is less than the vapor pressure of the solvent. so a higher temperature is needed for the vapor pressure to reach the surrounding pressure, and the boiling point is elevated.

Similarly, Solutions freezing points are lower than that of the pure solvent or solute because freezing, creates order and decreases entropy. Solutions have high entropy because of the mix of solvent and solute, so it takes more energy to decrease their entropy to the same point.

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