8Explain which of the following statements are true and which arefalse.a. When an intermediate is formed in a reaction there are twoactivation energies.b. The subtractive combination of two p orbitals gives a two-electronfilled * orbital.c. n-Butane has a higher boiling point than 2-methylpropane becausein n-butane the attractive forces between molecules are reduced.d. 4-Methylpent-1-ene is less stable than E-4-methylpent-2-ene.e. The homolytic cleavage of a covalent bond results in two radicals.

An intermediate is a species that is generated in a chemical reaction and is consumed in the next…

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Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

8
Explain which of the following statements are true and which are
false.
a. When an intermediate is formed in a reaction there are two
activation energies.
b. The subtractive combination of two p orbitals gives a two-electron
filled * orbital.
c. n-Butane has a higher boiling point than 2-methylpropane because
in n-butane the attractive forces between molecules are reduced.
d. 4-Methylpent-1-ene is less stable than E-4-methylpent-2-ene.
e. The homolytic cleavage of a covalent bond results in two radicals.

Expert Solution

Step 1: General introduction

An intermediate is a species that is generated in a chemical reaction and is consumed in the next step. They are short-lived species. Activation energy is the minimum energy that must be supplied to the reactant molecule in order for the reaction to take place.
The linear combination of atomic orbitals forms molecular orbitals. Atomic orbitals of the same phase combine to give bonding orbitals and atomic orbitals in the opposite phase combine to give antibonding orbitals.
The boiling point is dependent on the strength of the intermolecular forces. The higher the intermolecular forces between molecules in a substance, the higher the boiling point.
A double bond with a greater number of substituents is considered the most stable than a double bond with the least number of substituents.
A homolytic cleavage means the electrons between a bond are shared equally between two atoms.

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