Explain the trade-off between number of offspring and amount of parental investment per offspring. The trade-offs of parenting Parental investment expenditure of time and energy on one offspring Pros: parental investment may inorease the chances of an offspring to survive and reproduce Cons: parental in vestmentreduces the parent's ability b generate additonal offspring Parental investment is a limitedresource
Explain the trade-off between number of offspring and amount of parental investment per offspring. The trade-offs of parenting Parental investment expenditure of time and energy on one offspring Pros: parental investment may inorease the chances of an offspring to survive and reproduce Cons: parental in vestmentreduces the parent's ability b generate additonal offspring Parental investment is a limitedresource
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Transcribed Image Text:Explain the trade-off between
number of offspring and
amount of parental investment
per offspring.
The trade-offs of parenting
Parental investment expenditure of time
and energy on one offspring
Pros: parental investment may inorease the chances of
an offspring to sunvive and reproduce
w net l e
Cons parental in vestmentreduces the parent's abilityb
generate additional offspring
Parental investmentis a limitedresource
Why do males and females
have different reproductive
strategies? Why do males in
many species employ a
number-of-offspring strategy
while females employ the
parental investment strategy?
Females are more likely to gain from
parental investment:
Evolution of sexual reproduction
1. The of tspring they care for have 100% c
carrying their genes
Divergent selection that favored two
alternative reproductive strategies
% chance of
2. Their gain from multiple mates is limitedbetter to
nvest in parenting than in mating
1. Numberof-ofthoring sategy Individuab
whose gametes are good at fertilizing other
gametes (smal, mobile, largenumber of
Male-biased operational sex-ratio the ratio of
sexually receptive males to sexually receptive
females
2 Parental investment strategy Individuab
whose gameles are good at developing aftar
being fertiled (large invested in)
What is an operational sex
ratio? Why is it male-biased in
many species?
Since resources are limited, one cannot be
good at both strategies.
higher the tdividuas
the highar the naviduars
Competition for mat
Seaction among matas
Biased operational sea ratio
Two types of individuals, specializing in each
strategy
sigher s activity
Lower s activity
Lower parantal investmant
Higher parnta investment
Sexual reproduotion
Differences in gamete size
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