Explain how are these factors shows the theme of Religious & Ethical System. Early Romans: Worshiped powerful spirits or divine forces = numina Resided in everything around them Lares - guardian spirits of each family (closely related to the numina spirits) Honored god/goddess through rituals -> hoping to gain favor and avoid misfortune. Roman were expected to honor the deities in private shrines + public worship ceremonies conducted by priests in temple Jupiter - father of gods + Juno (his wife) - watched over women Minerva - goddess of wisdom + art and crafts During the empire: Worship of the emperor also became part of the official religion of Rome Christianity Belief Systems Built upon Jewish beliefs Disciple of Jesus believed that he was the Messiah Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead and that this made an afterlife possible Government Jews and Christian challenged the authority of Rome Constantine converted to Christianity and made it one of the official religions of the empire The Christian church developed into a complex institutions

Explain how are these factors shows the theme of Religious & Ethical System. Early Romans: Worshiped powerful spirits or divine forces = numina Resided in everything around them Lares - guardian spirits of each family (closely related to the numina spirits) Honored god/goddess through rituals -> hoping to gain favor and avoid misfortune. Roman were expected to honor the deities in private shrines + public worship ceremonies conducted by priests in temple Jupiter - father of gods + Juno (his wife) - watched over women Minerva - goddess of wisdom + art and crafts During the empire: Worship of the emperor also became part of the official religion of Rome Christianity Belief Systems Built upon Jewish beliefs Disciple of Jesus believed that he was the Messiah Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead and that this made an afterlife possible Government Jews and Christian challenged the authority of Rome Constantine converted to Christianity and made it one of the official religions of the empire The Christian church developed into a complex institutions