Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
explain F' plasmid transfer diagramatically
The F plasmid carries genes for synthesizing proteins that can create connections between donor and recipient cells. The F plasmid is a 100-kb-long circle of double-stranded DNA.
Bacteria with F factor are considered as F+ and those without are considered as F-. The F+ cells have a pilus which is a tube-like structure. This structure allows the cell to contact F- cells. This process of joining through a pilus (F pilus) is known as conjugation. F pilus is a stiff, thin strand of protein that protrudes from the bacterial cell and it helps in the transfer of DNA between bacteria. Therefore, the F plasmid is called a conjugative plasmid.
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