Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
explain briefly about the Origins of de novo genes
Genes are elements of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that code for proteins or regulatory RNA (ribonucleic acid). They form the coding portion of the genome. The regulatory sequences and other regions form the non-coding portion of the genome. The majority of the genome contains non-coding regions and only 1% of the genome constitutes the coding portion.
The genes that do not show any detectable homology with genes from other species are called orphan genes. The true orphan genes can be derived from de novo genes which are thought to arise from non-coding regions of the genome
The de novo genes have a short length and express themselves at low levels. Two main steps that lead to the generation of de novo genes are given below.
- The ORF (open reading frame) acquisition
- The incorporation of regulatory sequences to aid in transcription of the ORF.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
