Exercise Categorize each quantity as being either a vector or a scalar. Quantity Category Quantity Category Quantity Category 5m 256 bytes 4000 Calories 9.8 m/s', up 30 m/sec, East 5 km, North 20 degrees Celsius 10 με 5 kg, down 5 N, down 45 South of East 45 clockwise
Exercise Categorize each quantity as being either a vector or a scalar. Quantity Category Quantity Category Quantity Category 5m 256 bytes 4000 Calories 9.8 m/s', up 30 m/sec, East 5 km, North 20 degrees Celsius 10 με 5 kg, down 5 N, down 45 South of East 45 clockwise
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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General Physics Module
Phys 1011
AAU
1.3.1 Vectors
Vectors are physical quantities such as force, velocity, acceleration and momentum that are
expressed in terms of both magnitude (with a unit) and direction. Geometrically, they are
represented by arrows in two or three dimensions because arrows have both characteristics of a
vector: magnitude and direction.
Note that quantities with a sense of direction such as angles and time are not vectors, because they
do not obey the law of parallelogram. A physical quantity is a genuine vector if it adds to another
vector according to the law of parallelogram. That is true vectors obey the law of parallelogram.
Finite angles are physical quantities with a sense of direction (clockwise or counterclockwise), but
they are not vectors because they violate the law of parallelogram.
Physical quantities such as length, volume, mass, density, temperature and time can be expressed in
terms of magnitude or size alone (together with a unit). These are called scalar quantities.
Exercise
Categorize each quantity as being either a vector or a scalar.
Quantity
Category
Quantity
Category
Category
Quantity
9.8 m/s, up
5 m
30 m/sec, East
5 km, North
256 bytes
4000 Calories
10 με
45 South of East
45 clockwise
5 kg, down
5 N, down
20 degrees Celsius
1,3.2 Vector notation
There are many ways of writing the symbol of a vector. Vectors are denoted by bold-face letter or a
letter with an arrow above it. For example,
Bold face:
Arrow above:
Harpoon above:
Overbar:
1.3.3 Geometrical representation of vectors
Vectors are geometrically represented by drawing arrows. The length of the arrow gives the
magnitude of the vector and the arrowhead indicates direction of the vector. Figure 1-6(c) (below)
as 10.3 units, defining 1 cm as
shows that a ruler is used to measure the magnitude of the vector
1 unit. If, for example, the vector is a displacement vector, 10.3 cm on the ruler may represent 13.3
km on the ground; if it is a force vector, 10.3 cm may represent 10.3 N; if it is a velocity vector 10.3
cm may represent 10.3 m/s and so on. A protractor is used to specify the direction of the vector,
which is shown to be 29.1° North of East.
Preliminaries
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