Electrons in a wire made of a highly-conductive metal such as copper and with the wire not connected to anything or in any electromagnetic fields and with the wire at room temperature (Sears Lab gets chilly, I know, but it's not absolute zero and these wires aren't superconductive) Are in a zero-energy state. Are in random motion and that motion causes noise voltage. are in Brownian motion. Are stationary in the metal's crystal lattice.

Electrons in a wire made of a highly-conductive metal such as copper and with the wire not connected to anything or in any electromagnetic fields and with the wire at room temperature (Sears Lab gets chilly, I know, but it's not absolute zero and these wires aren't superconductive) Are in a zero-energy state. Are in random motion and that motion causes noise voltage. are in Brownian motion. Are stationary in the metal's crystal lattice.