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Eisenhower supported a. the overthrow of legitimate governments in Iran and Guatemala because of their supposed resemblance to communism b. using nuclear weapons to help the French army surrounded by the Vietminh at Dien Bien Phu c. the invasion of Egypt by Israel, Britain and France in order to regain control of the Suez Canal which Nasser had seized d. the Hungarian freedom fighters with American military hardware and soldiers in their valiant endeavor to overthrow Soviet communist rule The Bay of Pigs (1961) invasion a. was a CIA plan to topple Castro by shipping about 1,500 armed and trained Cuban exiles to the coast of Cuba b. sparked a massive uprising of the Cuban people against Castro c. led Kennedy to dispatch thousands of US marines to ensure the success of the invasion d. all of the above JFK responded to Khrushchev's threat in Vienna (1961) to take over West Berlin by a. delivering a televised address downplaying the crisis and calming the nation's nerves b. airlifting supplies to West Berlin c. calling up both Army Reserves and the National Guard and sending a military convoy to West Berlin d. building the Berlin Wall to stop any communist invasion of West Berlin The Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) a. was provoked by the Soviets who secretly sent about forty nuclear missiles capable of hitting much of the US to Cuba b. saw Kennedy reject a military response of air strike or invasion and opt for a naval blockade of Cuba c. was resolved by Kennedy publicly pledging not to invade Cuba and privately reassuring Khrushchev that he would remove US missiles from Turkey d. all of the above JFK handled the increasing conflict in South Vietnam by a. consistently backing the capable reformist South Vietnamese leader Ngo Dihn Diem b. paying off the Vietcong to cease their guerrilla strikes against the Diem government c. sending money, arms and 16,000 "advisers" (i.e., soldiers) to defend Diem d. repeatedly expressing confidence, both privately and publicly, in American ability to defend the South Vietnamese from communism The 1960 sit-ins protested against a. the unhealthy junk-food served at lunch counters b. segregation of facilities across the South c. the lack of a real choice between the Democrats and the Republicans d. the increasing American involvement in Vietnam Which of the following statements is false about the 1961 Freedom Rides? a. James Farmer of CORE (Congress of Racial Equality) organized the rides to test federal court rulings banning segregation on interstate transportation and terminals b. the peaceful groups of black and white youthful riders were repeatedly assaulted by white mobs c. the rides were fully supported and encouraged by the JFK administration d. the Freedom Rides spurred the Interstate Commerce Commission to integrate interstate transportation and facilities several months later Bull Connor outraged many Americans primarily by a. refusing to desegregate any of Birmingham's facilities b. arresting and jailing peaceful protesters c. using high-powered water hoses, electric cattle prods and police dogs against the protestors d. sending in the police to join state troopers in mauling hundreds of peaceful marchers across the Edmund Pettus Bridge on "Bloody Sunday" Freedom Summer (1964) Mississippi saw a. Bob Moses recruit hundreds of young volunteers from across the nation to trek down to Mississippi to help register blacks to vote b. the opening of over forty "freedom schools" in Mississippi to educate black children and guide blacks adults through the voter registration process c. fierce resistance by white bigots who arrested, assaulted and murdered volunteers d. all of the above The Black Power movement helped propel Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. to a. endorse militant rhetoric and violent tactics b. concentrate more on ameliorating the economic plight of poor urban blacks c. focus his efforts on ending the Vietnam War d. yield the leadership of the civil rights movement to young activists Which is false about President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society legislation? a. the Economic Opportunity Act (1964) was the cornerstone of LBJ's War on Poverty b. Medicare greatly reduced patients' medical costs and hospital bills c. the 1964 Civil Rights Act banned segregation and discrimination in employment and public accommodations d. the 1965 Voting Rights Act sent federal registrars to southern districts where most African Americans had been disenfranchised

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