Edney Company employs a standard cost system for product costing. The per-unit standard cost of its product is: Raw materials $ 14.50 Direct labor (2 direct labor hours × $8.00 per hour) 16.00 Manufacturing overhead (2 direct labor hours × $11.00 per hour) 22.00 Total standard cost per unit $ 52.50 The manufacturing overhead rate is based on a normal capacity level of 600,000 direct labor hours. (Normal capacity is defined as the level of capacity needed to satisfy average customer demand over a period of two to four years. Operationally, this level of capacity would take into consideration sales trends and both seasonal and cyclical factors affecting demand.) The firm has the following annual manufacturing overhead budget: Variable $ 3,600,000 Fixed 3,000,000 $ 6,600,000 Edney incurred $433,350 in direct labor cost for 53,500 direct labor hours to manufacture 26,000 units in November. Other costs incurred in November include $260,000 for fixed manufacturing overhead and $315,000 for variable manufacturing overhead. Required: 1. Determine each of the following for November. [Note: Indicate whether each variance is favorable (F) or unfavorable (U).] a. The variable overhead spending variance. b. The variable overhead efficiency variance. c. The fixed overhead spending (budget) variance. d. The fixed overhead production volume variance. e. The total amount of under- or overapplied manufacturing overhead (i.e., the total manufacturing overhead cost variance for the period).
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Edney Company employs a
| Raw materials | $ | 14.50 | |
| Direct labor (2 direct labor hours × $8.00 per hour) | 16.00 | ||
| Manufacturing |
22.00 | ||
| Total standard cost per unit | $ | 52.50 | |
The manufacturing overhead rate is based on a normal capacity level of 600,000 direct labor hours. (Normal capacity is defined as the level of capacity needed to satisfy average customer demand over a period of two to four years. Operationally, this level of capacity would take into consideration sales trends and both seasonal and cyclical factors affecting demand.) The firm has the following annual manufacturing overhead budget:
| Variable | $ | 3,600,000 | |
| Fixed | 3,000,000 | ||
| $ | 6,600,000 | ||
Edney incurred $433,350 in direct labor cost for 53,500 direct labor hours to manufacture 26,000 units in November. Other costs incurred in November include $260,000 for fixed manufacturing overhead and $315,000 for variable manufacturing overhead.
Required:
1. Determine each of the following for November. [Note: Indicate whether each variance is favorable (F) or unfavorable (U).]
a. The variable overhead spending variance.
b. The variable overhead efficiency variance.
c. The fixed overhead spending (budget) variance.
d. The fixed overhead production volume variance.
e. The total amount of under- or overapplied manufacturing overhead (i.e., the total
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