How might a healthcare provider differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC)? Crohn's disease only affects the small intestine; UC only affects the large intestine. O Endoscopy would show evidence of Crohn's disease, but not UC. Crohn's disease affects all tissue layers; UC only affects the mucosal layer. All of these accurately reflect differences between Crohn's disease and UC 1 pts

Classify each description into the correct disorder of the large intestine. Labels Infection of the lower intestinal tract Ignoring the urge to defecate Nervous stimulation Little pouches of mucosa where food can collect Uncoordinated Reset All Diarrhea (1/4) Diverticulosis (3/4) Prev Constipation (2/4) Irritable bowel syndrome (4/4) 1 of 46 Next >

Which of the following is true for disorders of the GI tract? heartburn is a burning, often painful, sensation in the chest (behind the breastbone) if heartburn occurs more than twice per week, it may be diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) gastroesophageal reflux (GER) occurs when acidic chyme in the stomach escapes back into the esophagus and even into the mouth peptic ulcers are sores on the tissues lining the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum (the first section of the small intestine all of these

List the three most important ways to increase the intestinal surface without increasing the length of the intestine (start with the largest):

A 27-year-old male presents to the doctor with complaints of "heartburn" and painful, sour-tasting acid reflux that has not been alleviated by over-the-counter medications. An endoscopic exam is performed and a biopsy of the distal esophagus is taken. Microscopic examination of the tissue shows normal tissue without pathologic changes. What type of mucosa is normal for the distal esophagus? A. Ciliated, columnar epithelium B. Keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium C. Non-ciliated, columnar epithelium D. Non-keratinized, simple, squamous epithelium E. Non-keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium F. Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium

How are functions in the gastrointestinal system such as 1.) chewing and swallowing and 2.) absorption of nutrients impacted by normal aging? Be specific on what the changes are.

Throughout its length, the alimentary tract is composed of the same four tissue layers; the details of their structural arrangements vary to fit their specific functions. Starting from the lumen and moving outwards, the first three layers are the mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis. The final layer is either the serosa or the adventitia, depending on the portion of the GI tract you are looking at. The mucosa is referred to as a mucous membrane, because mucus production is a characteristic feature of gut epithelium. The membrane consists of the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa (not to be confused with the muscularis externa, described later). Epithelium—This layer is in direct contact with ingested food. In the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and anal canal, the epithelium is primarily a non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. In the stomach and intestines, it is a simple columnar epithelium. Interspersed among the epithelial cells are mucus-secreting goblet cells.…

Define the meaning of the term "peptic ulcer disease". Discuss some of the risk factors that make people susceptible (including factors that protect the mucosa of the stomach/duodenum and those that cause damage to it.  ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Accurate definition, e.g. mucosa break greater than 3-5mm in the stomach or duodenum with a visible depth.  Discussion of factors e.g. infections (H. Pylori; others mainly in immunocompromised patients,  e.g. cytomegalovirus ,tuberculosis, and syphilis), gastric bypass surgery,  cigarette smoking, medication/drugs, physiological stress associated with critical illness (e.g. septicaemia), autoimmune diseases, eg, vasculitis, sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease.   Discussion of factors e.g. protection: bucarb, blood flow, prostaglandin, mucus. Damage: H. Pylori,  gastric acid, pepsin, drugs  e.g. NSAID

In the clinical setting, one often uses a differential diagnosis. This proccess differentiates between possible diagnoses bases on the person’s symptoms. Here you will demonstrate your knowledge of the gastrointestinal system to either confirm or reject potential diagnosis.   A 50-year old, slightly obese individual presents to your clinic with the following symptoms: severe abdominal pain, especially in the left side. However the patient also complains the pain radiates to the right side. They have nausea and have been vomiting for the past several days. Upon examination, you find abdominal tenderness and constipation. The patient is of Asian descent, has been a smoker for the past 20 years, reports frequent alcohol use (>7drinks/week) and takes aspirin on a daily basis (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug).   Will age, weight, lifestyle and ethnicity play a role in your diagnosis? Based on the patient’s symptoms, the list of differential diagnoses is extensive as follows: Acute…

In pedi’tric gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the immaturity of lower esophageal sphincter function is manifested by frequent transient lower esophageal relaxations, which result in retrograde flow of gastric contents into the esophagus. Which statement about the esophagus is true? Select all that apply. It is a cartilaginous tube. It has upper and lower sphincters. It lies anterior to the trachea. It extends from the nasal cavity to the stomach. It is a highway for food and drinks to travel along to make it to the stomach. All statements describe the esophagus.