Answered: e. Explain which of these polymers…

e. Explain which of these polymers could potentially have atactic, isotactic and syndiotactic forms. How would tacticity affect the structure and physical properties of these polymers?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Concept explainers

Polymerization Kinetics

Polymerization is a chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that diverge in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes. Polymerization is generally classified into step-growth and chain polymerization. Polymers are categorized into linear polymer and cross-linked polymers that are produced either by condensation or additional polymerization.

Question

Only question ( E) answer

a. Draw short lengths of the following polymers, indicating the repeating unit for each polymer.
i. polypropylene
ii. polyvinyl chloride
iii. Nylon 6.6
b. For each polymer, state whether it would be produced by a chain-growth or step-growth reaction. Explain your reasons for each polymer and suggest a suitable initiator or
catalyst, where appropriate.
c. For each polymer, list the principal intermolecular forces that will be present.
d. How do these forces affect the relative values of the glass-transition temperatures, Tg. for these polymers? Please explain your answers.
e. Explain which of these polymers could potentially have atactic, isotactic and syndiotactic forms. How would tacticity affect the structure and physical properties of these
polymers?
f. Discuss the differences between the radical chain-growth and step-growth mechanisms of polymerization. Explain any changes in the molar-mass distributions of the resulting
polymers as the reactions progress.
g. How are the reaction mechanisms for radical chain polymerization and anionic chain polymerization alike, and how do they differ? How can this difference be exploited to
produce a polymer with a very high number-average molar mass and/or a very narrow range of molar masses?

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